Leptin stimulates fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase

@article{Minokoshi2002LeptinSF,
  title={Leptin stimulates fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase},
  author={Yasuhiko Minokoshi and Young-Bum Kim and Odile D. Peroni and Lee G. D. Fryer and C. M{\"u}ller and David Carling and Barbara B. Kahn},
  journal={Nature},
  year={2002},
  volume={415},
  pages={339-343}
}
Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that plays a pivotal role in regulating food intake, energy expenditure and neuroendocrine function. Leptin stimulates the oxidation of fatty acids and the uptake of glucose, and prevents the accumulation of lipids in nonadipose tissues, which can lead to functional impairments known as “lipotoxicity”. The signalling pathways that mediate the metabolic effects of leptin remain undefined. The 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) potently stimulates… 
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Adiponectin stimulates glucose utilization and fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase
TLDR
It is shown that phosphorylation and activation of the 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are stimulated with globular and full-length Ad in skeletal muscle and only with full- lengths Ad in the liver, indicating that stimulation of glucose utilization and fatty-acid oxidation by Ad occurs through activation of AMPK.
Functions of AMP‐activated protein kinase in adipose tissue
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Since fatty acids have a key role in insulin resistance, especially in muscles, activating AMPK in adipose tissue might be found to be beneficial in insulin‐resistant states, particularly as AMPK activation also reduces cytokine secretion in adipocytes.
The suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 inhibits leptin activation of AMP-kinase in cultured skeletal muscle of obese humans.
TLDR
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TLDR
The role of AMPK in adipose tissue is discussed, focussing on the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, adipogenesis and pro-inflammatory pathways in physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
AMP-activated Protein Kinase Plays a Role in the Control of Food Intake*
TLDR
It is demonstrated that counter-regulatory hormones involved in appetite control regulate AMPK activity and that pharmacological activation of AMPK in the hypothalamus increases food intake, and that AMPK is identified as a novel target for anti-obesity drugs.
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TLDR
Evidence that pharmacological activation of AMPK in vivo improves blood glucose homeostasis, cholesterol concentrations and blood pressure in insulin‐resistant rodents, make this enzyme an attractive pharmacological target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, ischaemic heart disease and other metabolic diseases.
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TLDR
This review focuses on the emerging information regarding the regulation of AMPK, its role in cardiac glucose and fatty acid metabolism and its influence on cell death.
Chronic Hexosamine Flux Stimulates Fatty Acid Oxidation by Activating AMP-activated Protein Kinase in Adipocytes*
TLDR
Chronic high hexosamine flux stimulates fatty acid oxidation by activating AMPK in adipocytes, in part through O-linked glycosylation, demonstrating that AMPK is regulated by the HBP.
Leptin Activates Hepatic 5′-AMP-activated Protein Kinase through Sympathetic Nervous System and α1-Adrenergic Receptor
TLDR
It is demonstrated that leptin activates hepatic AMPK through the central nervous system and α-adrenergic sympathetic nerves, which indicates that the down-regulation of hepaticAMPK activities plays a pathophysiological role in the metabolic disturbances of lipodystrophy.
Leptin activates AMP-activated protein kinase in hepatic cells via a JAK2-dependent pathway.
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