Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction
@article{Farman1985LargeLO, title={Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction}, author={J. C. Farman and Brian George Gardiner and Jonathan D. Shanklin}, journal={Nature}, year={1985}, volume={315}, pages={207-210} }
Recent attempts1,2 to consolidate assessments of the effect of human activities on stratospheric ozone (O3) using one-dimensional models for 30° N have suggested that perturbations of total O3 will remain small for at least the next decade. Results from such models are often accepted by default as global estimates3. The inadequacy of this approach is here made evident by observations that the spring values of total O3 in Antarctica have now fallen considerably. The circulation in the lower…
2,884 Citations
Reductions of Antarctic ozone due to synergistic interactions of chlorine and bromine
- Environmental ScienceNature
- 1986
The vertical column density of ozone observed in October over Antarctica has fallen precipitously over the past 10 yr. The concentration at Halley Bay (76° S 27° W), expressed conventionally in…
Changing Composition of the Global Stratosphere
- Environmental ScienceScience
- 1989
It is argued that the Antarctic phenomenon is likely to persist: prompt drastic reduction in the emission of industrial halocarbons is required if the damage to stratospheric O3 is to be reversed.
Antarctic Ozone Depletion and Potential Effects on the Global Ozone Budget
- Environmental Science
- 1990
In addition to the dramatic reductions in polar ozone observed in the springtime Antarctic stratosphere during the past decade, data from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) instrument also…
Are Antarctic ozone variations a manifestation of dynamics or chemistry?
- Environmental ScienceNature
- 1986
Observations1–3 reveal a large seasonal decrease in the column density of ozone during Antarctic early spring, followed by a rapid increase after October beyond its pre-spring value. Given the unique…
Spatial variation of ozone depletion rates in the springtime Antarctic polar vortex.
- Environmental ScienceScience
- 1990
An area-mapping technique, designed to filter out synoptic perturbations of the Antarctic polar vortex such as distortion or displacement away from the pole, was applied to the Nimbus-7 TOMS data, revealing the detailed morphology of the temporal evolution of column O3.
On the depletion of Antarctic ozone
- Environmental ScienceNature
- 1986
Recent observations by Farman et al.1 reveal remarkable depletions in the total atmospheric ozone content in Antarctica. The observed total ozone decreased smoothly during the period from about 1975…
Effects of injected ice particles in the lower stratosphere on the Antarctic ozone hole
- Environmental Science
- 2015
The Antarctic ozone hole will continue to be observed in the next 35–50 years, although the emissions of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) have gradually been phased out during the last two decades. In this…
The antarctic ozone minimum: Relationship to odd nitrogen, odd chlorine, the final warming, and the 11‐year solar cycle
- Environmental Science, Physics
- 1986
Photochemical calculations along “diabatic trajectories” in the meridional plane are used to search for the cause of the dramatic springtime minimum in Antarctic column ozone. Results indicate that…
Chlorine chemistry in the Antarctic stratosphere: Impact of OClO and Cl2 O2 and implications for observations
- Environmental Science
- 1986
Theories have been proposed to relate the reduction of O3 during antarctic spring to catalytic cycles involving chlorine and bromine species. A necessary condition for any chlorine-catalyzed scheme…
References
SHOWING 1-7 OF 7 REFERENCES
Nonlinear Response of Stratospheric Ozone Column to Chlorine Injections
- Environmental Science, Chemistry
- 1983
With a reasonably complete and up-to-date photochemical model of the stratosphere, we find that the calculated stratospheric ozone-column response to chlorine injections is highly nonlinear. The…
Ozone Measurements at British Antarctic Survey Stations
- Environmental Science, Physics
- 1977
Ozone measurements have been made regularly at Argentine Islands and Halley Bay since 1957. A recent critical review of the data revealed inconsistencies in the extraterrestrial constants adopted for…
Interpretations of stratospheric photochemistry
- Environmental Science
- 1978
Trace stratospheric species (parts per billion or less) have negligible effects on ozone (parts per million) unless they interact in catalytic cycles that regenerate the trace species. It is…
Reductions in ozone at high concentrations of stratospheric halogens
- Environmental Science, ChemistryNature
- 1984
An increase in the concentration of inorganic chlorine to levels comparable to that of oxidized reactive nitrogen could cause a significant change in the chemistry of the lower stratosphere leading…
Springtime stratospheric NO2 in Antarctica
- Environmental Science
- 1984
We present springtime measurements of column amounts of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide measured by ground based absorption spectroscopy from Scott Base, Antarctica (77.8°S, 166.7°E). There is a rapid…
Radiative Heating of the Global Atmosphere
- Environmental Science, Physics
- 1972
Abstract Monthly zonal mean global radiative heating rates have been obtained from the surface to 10 mb for all twelve months. Seasonal profiles of the contribution by each constituent are presented…
On the Mean Meridional Mass Motions of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere
- Environmental Science, Physics
- 1978
Abstract Using a simplified, approximate “Lagrangian-mean” dynamical formulation, the mean meridional mass circulation of the stratosphere and mesosphere is discussed. Under solstice conditions, it…