Is it too cold for Leptospira interrrogans transmission on the Faroese Islands?

@article{Jensen2016IsIT,
  title={Is it too cold for Leptospira interrrogans transmission on the Faroese Islands?},
  author={Per Moestrup Jensen and Eydfinn Magnussen},
  journal={Infectious Diseases},
  year={2016},
  volume={48},
  pages={156 - 160}
}
Abstract Leptospira interrogans is a bacterium that can infect most mammal species. Brown rats are considered to be one of the most important reservoirs of Leptospira because they frequently are infected and live in close proximity to humans. Past studies of prevalence of Leptospira in brown rats indicate that temperature – both high and low – may negatively affect the prevalence rate in rats, so that Leptospira is rare or even absent at temperatures below 7–8 °C. Here we investigated the… 
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GLOBAL PATTERNS OF LEPTOSPIRA PREVALENCE IN VERTEBRATE RESERVOIR HOSTS
TLDR
A fairly uniform Leptospira infection prevalence of about 15% was found in the majority of mammalian families, and higher prevalence was frequently associated with species occupying urban habitats, and climatic factors were not significantly correlated with prevalence as consistently as expected.
Leptospira infection in rats: A literature review of global prevalence and distribution
TLDR
This literature review provided evidence for Leptospira infection in laboratory rodent colonies within controlled environments, implicating the zoonotic potential to laboratory animal caretakers and demonstrating several weaknesses to the current methods of reporting the prevalence of Leptonospira spp.
FREQUENT LEPTOSPIRA SPP. DETECTION BUT ABSENCE OF TULA ORTHOHANTAVIRUS IN MICROTUS SPP. VOLES, NORTHWESTERN SPAIN
TLDR
The detection of two Leptospira genomospecies underlines the necessity for further typing efforts to understand the epidemiology of leptospiral infection in the common vole and the potential risk for human health in Spain.
Tails of Two Cities: Age and Wounding Are Associated With Carriage of Leptospira interrogans by Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Ecologically Distinct Urban Environments
TLDR
It is found that juvenile rats in Salvador were more likely to leave the nest infected with L. interrogans than were rats in Vancouver, suggesting that potential differences in early-life transmission dynamics exist between the two locations, and the importance of geographical location in determining transmission among rats.
Rat-borne diseases at the horizon. A systematic review on infectious agents carried by rats in Europe 1995–2016
TLDR
The study clearly indicated that an improved surveillance on wild rats is needed in Europe, and further indicated the pathogens and geographical areas where the major focus is required.
Evaluation of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Leptospira spp. in Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) on Magdalena Island, Chile.
Occurrence of fleas (Siphonaptera) and lice (Phthiraptera) on Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) on the Faroes Islands
TLDR
During the years 2012 and 2013, 61 brown rats were collected from 10 locations on the Faroe Islands and investigated for ectoparasites and the finding of C. nobilis is both the most westerly and northerly finding of this species in Europe.

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