Is Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Associated with Alterations in the Meibomian Gland and Ocular Surface?

@article{Cermak2003IsCA,
  title={Is Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Associated with Alterations in the Meibomian Gland and Ocular Surface?},
  author={Jennifer Marie Cermak and Kathleen L. Krenzer and Rose M. Sullivan and Mohamad R. Dana and David A. Sullivan},
  journal={Cornea},
  year={2003},
  volume={22},
  pages={516-521}
}
Purpose. This study's purpose was to determine whether complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is associated with alterations in the meibomian gland and ocular surface. Methods. Individuals with CAIS, as well as age-matched female and male controls, completed questionnaires which assessed dry eye symptoms and underwent slit lamp evaluations of the tear film, tear meniscus, lids and lid margins and conjunctiva. The quality of meibomian gland secretions was also analyzed. Results. Our… 
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92 Citations

Tear film impairment and meibomian gland loss in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Tear film stability impaired in patients with PCOS was indicated and this impairment was accompanied by the loss of MG, which play a key role in tear film stability.

Morphological Changes of Meibomian Glands in Men With Benign Prostate Hyperplasia.

BPH was associated with meibomian gland loss and instability of the tear film as well as with the presence of androgenic alopecia.

Dry eye signs and symptoms in aromatase inhibitor treatment and the relationship with pain.

Meibomian Gland Disease: The Role of Gland Dysfunction in Dry Eye Disease.

Does endogenous serum oestrogen play a role in meibomian gland dysfunction in postmenopausal women with dry eye?

It is suggested that MG dysfunction underpins dry eye symptoms in non-Sjögren's dry eye in postmenopausal women and oestrogen plays a role through its effect on meibum secretion.

Changes in gene expression in human meibomian gland dysfunction.

It is demonstrated that MGD is accompanied by multiple changes in gene expression in the meibomian gland, including the upregulation of genes encoding small proline-rich proteins and S100 calcium-binding proteins, which suggest that keratinization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MGD.

Effects of age and dysfunction on human meibomian glands.

These results indicate that aging human meibomian glands show decreased meibocyte differentiation and cell cycling that is associated with the development of MGD, and suggest that altered PPARγ signaling may lead to acinar atrophy and development of an age-related hyposecretory MGD.

[Meibomian glands : part III. Dysfunction - argument for a discrete disease entity and as an important cause of dry eye].

  • E. KnopN. Knop F. Schirra
  • Medicine
    Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
  • 2009
Careful investigation of the eyelids and lid margins with eversion, if necessary, should therefore be performed in every case of a wetting defect, notably before fitting contact lenses.

[Meibomian glands : part IV. Functional interactions in the pathogenesis of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)].

  • E. KnopN. Knop
  • Medicine
    Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
  • 2009
Age, hormonal disturbances and environmental influences, such as contact lenses, as well as qualitative alterations in the composition of the meibomian oil (meibum) lead to hyperkeratinization of the ductal epithelium and increased viscosity ofThe meibum which result, either alone or in combination, in obstruction of theduct and orifice.

The international workshop on meibomian gland dysfunction: report of the subcommittee on the epidemiology of, and associated risk factors for, MGD.

Although the etiology of MGD may differ from that of aqueous-deficient dry eye disease (which is due to insufficient lacrimal gland production), the two conditions share many clinical features, including symptoms of ocular surface irritation and visual fluctuation, altered tear film stability, and potential ocularsurface compromise.
...

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