Intentional Ignorance: A History of Blind Assessment and Placebo Controls in Medicine
@article{Kaptchuk1998IntentionalIA,
title={Intentional Ignorance: A History of Blind Assessment and Placebo Controls in Medicine},
author={Ted J. Kaptchuk},
journal={Bulletin of the History of Medicine},
year={1998},
volume={72},
pages={389 - 433}
}La methodologie de la recherche medicale moderne est fondee sur une evaluation en aveugle au cours de laquelle les patients ignorent s'ils sont traites par un placebo ou par un traitement medicamenteux, particulierement en pharmacologie et en psychologie
267 Citations
The placebo mystique: Implications for clinical trial methodology
- Medicine, PsychologyJournal of paediatrics and child health
- 2011
This study aimed to assess doctors' understanding of the requirements for placebo use in clinical trials and suggested that reliance on placebos may be because of methodological misconceptions.
Modern Research into The Placebo Effect, and its Ethical Implications
- Medicine
- 2019
The placebo effect is referred to as a beneficial effect of a treatment which cannot be attributed to the drugs used in the treatment, and it is suggested that the use of a placebo should not be considered a substitute for a drug.
The origins of modern clinical research.
- Medicine, PsychologyClinical orthopaedics and related research
- 2002
The single-blind or double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial is considered the gold standard for evaluating the potential efficacy of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment…
Placebos and placebo effects in medicine: historical overview
- MedicineJournal of the Royal Society of Medicine
- 1999
Although the most frequently used placebo is the 'sugar pill' in drug trials, placebos can be and have been used for all kinds of interventions, ranging from sham traction in the treatment of low back pain and placebo oestrogen implants in the prevention of menopause symptoms.
Placebo Effects : Biological , Clinical and Ethical Advances
- Psychology, Medicine
- 2010
Promotion and integration of laboratory and clinical research will allow advances in the ethical harnessing of placebo mechanisms that are inherent in routine clinical care and the potential use of treatments to primarily promote placebo effects.
Biological, clinical, and ethical advances of placebo effects
- Psychology, MedicineThe Lancet
- 2010
A discursive exploration of public perspectives on placebos and their effects
- SociologyHealth psychology open
- 2019
A discourse analysis of internet comments on news articles related to placebos aims to improve knowledge of public perspectives on placebos for clinicians and researchers, and developed two discursive constructs of the placebo.
Placebo controls: historical, methodological and general aspects
- PsychologyPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- 2011
It is argued that the hierarchical model of evidence needs to complement the circular model by a circular one, in which various methods are employed on equal footing to answer different questions.
The Many Meanings of the Placebo Effect: Where They Came From, Why They Matter
- Art
- 2006
The placebo effect is variously vilified as a basis for unethical medical practice, dismissed as the ephemeral product of gullible imaginations, sanctioned as key to the clinical trials process, and…
Talking Cures and Placebo Effects
- Psychology, Medicine
- 2008
A large number of the questioned people believe that placebos and psychotherapy should be considered as separate treatments, and the role ofbos in the development of insight and self-deception is unclear.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 124 REFERENCES
A personal view of some controversies in allocating treatment to patients in clinical trials.
- MedicineStatistics in medicine
- 1995
A non-exhaustive but nevertheless wide-ranging if biased and personal view of various matters affecting the allocation of treatments to patients in controlled clinical trials will be undertaken from…
Appraisal of new drugs.
- MedicineJournal of the American Medical Association
- 1955
Questions raised by Dr. Russek raise several questions that transcend the problems of evaluating coronary vasodilators and that involve not only appraisal of drugs indicated for relief of subjective complaints but also clinical testing in general.
Quantification and the Quest for Medical Certainty
- Medicine
- 1995
This book chooses to discuss three crucial debates: that among clinicians before the Parisian Academy of Medicine in 1837, the debate in the German physiological literature during the 1850s, and the debate over the bacteriologists' diagnostic technique involving the "opsonic index" in the early 20th century.
Use of controls in medical research.
- MedicineJournal of the American Medical Association
- 1951
It is not surprising that laymen develop many inadequate methods of treatment for various disorders that beset the human, but the number of articles which extol one or another form of therapy, but which frequently lack proof of scientific merit is impressive.
The role of randomization in clinical trials.
- MedicineStatistics in medicine
- 1982
Random assignment of treatments is an essential feature of experimental design in general and clinical trials in particular. It provides broad comparability of treatment groups and validates the use…
Factors influencing clinical evaluation of drugs; with special reference to the double-blind technique.
- MedicineJournal of the American Medical Association
- 1958
The fallibility of enthusiastic claims for new drugs makes it desirable to recognize those investigations which are likely to yield substantial data and to lead to interpretations that can be…
Blinding, unblinding, and the placebo effect: An analysis of patients' guesses of treatment assignment in a double‐blind clinical trial
- Psychology, MedicineClinical pharmacology and therapeutics
- 1987
Although blindness was probably maintained in the PPA group, the placebo group seems to have been, at least at the study's end, unblinded.
The impact of blinding on the results of a randomized, placebo‐controlled multiple sclerosis clinical trial
- Medicine, PsychologyNeurology
- 1994
There were no significant differences in the time to treatment failure or in the proportions of patients improved, stable, or worse between the group II and group III patients who correctly guessed their treatment assignments and those who did not.