Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Cancer: Novel Targeted Therapies

@article{Brahmkhatri2015InsulinLikeGF,
  title={Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Cancer: Novel Targeted Therapies},
  author={Varsha P. Brahmkhatri and Chinmayi Prasanna and Hanudatta S. Atreya},
  journal={BioMed Research International},
  year={2015},
  volume={2015}
}
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are essential for growth and survival that suppress apoptosis and promote cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and metastatic activities in various cancers. The IGFs actions are mediated through the IGF-1 receptor that is involved in cell transformation induced by tumour. These effects depend on the bioavailability of IGFs, which is regulated by IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). We describe here the role of the IGF system in cancer, proposing new strategies… 
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201 Citations

Disrupting Insulin and IGF Receptor Function in Cancer

TLDR
The well-studied role of the IGF system in regulating malignancies, the limitations on the current strategies of blocking the insulin-like growth factor system in cancer, and the potential future directions for targeting the IGF System are reviewed.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Pathway Targeting in Cancer: Role of the IGF Axis and Opportunities for Future Combination Studies

TLDR
The preclinical and clinical experience with IGF-targeted therapies to-date are reviewed, and the rationale for future combination approaches as a means to overcome treatment resistance is discussed.

Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor system and carcinogenesis.

TLDR
While ample experimental evidence supports a role of the GH-IGF system in tumour promotion and progression, the strength of evidence from patients with acromegaly, GH deficiency, or treated with GH is much weaker.

The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) in breast cancer: biology and treatment strategies

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Although patients are often diagnosed in the early and curable stages, the…

The insulin-like growth factor system in multiple myeloma: diagnostic and therapeutic potential

TLDR
Increasing preclinical evidence indicates that IGF-I is also involved in the development of drug resistance against current standard-of-care agents against MM, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, and corticoids.

Role of the IGF-1 Axis in Overcoming Resistance in Breast Cancer

TLDR
An overview of the most recent and significant field of application of IGF-1 inhibitors and relevant therapeutic strategies is offered, weighing their possible future impact on clinical practice.

Clinical studies in humans targeting the various components of the IGF system show lack of efficacy in the treatment of cancer.

Insulin/IGF-driven cancer cell-stroma crosstalk as a novel therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer

TLDR
This review highlights the stroma-derived IGF signaling and IGF-binding proteins as potential novel therapeutic targets in PDAC.

Revisiting the IGF-1R as a breast cancer target

TLDR
Monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor failed in phase III breast clinical trials, and these drugs are not being further developed likely due to their metabolic toxicities.

Insulin‐like growth factor axis targeting in cancer and tumour angiogenesis – the missing link

TLDR
The contribution of this signalling axis to tumour angiogenesis, the mechanisms of resistance to therapy and the interplay with other pro‐angiogenic pathways are reviewed to offer insight in the renewed interest in the application of IGF axis targeting agents in anti‐cancer combination therapies.
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