Insight in schizophrenia: associations with empathy

@article{Pijnenborg2012InsightIS,
  title={Insight in schizophrenia: associations with empathy},
  author={Gerdina Hendrika Maria Pijnenborg and Joke Spikman and Bertus F. Jeronimus and Andr{\'e} Aleman},
  journal={European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience},
  year={2012},
  volume={263},
  pages={299-307}
}
Many people with schizophrenia (50–80 %) demonstrate impaired insight, something which has been associated with a poorer outcome. Two types of empathy can be distinguished: affective empathy via shared emotions and cognitive empathy, also referred to as Theory of Mind (ToM). ToM can be subdivided into cognitive ToM (knowledge about beliefs of other people via perspective taking) and affective ToM (knowledge about other people’s emotions via perspective taking). Recent studies show a… 
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The relationship between empathy, emotion processing and clinical insight in remitted schizophrenia patients
TLDR
The authors hypothesized that as patients gain insight, they experience greater depressive symptoms and that this increased personal distress may lead to deficits in empathy, and attempt to hypothesize reasons for diverse findings across these studies.
Affective empathy in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis
TLDR
Consistent, significant deficits in affective empathy were found comparing people with schizophrenia to healthy controls, especially when using performance-based assessments, and the medium effect suggests an important role for empathy in the realm of social cognitive research, and points to the need for further investigation of measurement techniques and associations with functional outcomes.
The relationship between clinical insight and cognitive and affective empathy in schizophrenia
TLDR
Findings suggest that affective empathy is relatively intact across phases of illness whereas cognitive empathy abilities are compromised and could be targets for psychotherapy intervention.
Running Head : AFFECTIVE EMPATHY IN SCHIZOPHRENIA Affective Empathy in Schizophrenia : A Meta-Analysis
Background: Affective empathy, or the emotional response one has to the experiences or emotional states of others, contributes to relationship-maintaining behaviors and is key in fostering social…
Self-rated and performance-based empathy in schizophrenia: The impact of cognitive deficits
TLDR
A double deficit related to empathic responding in schizophrenia is highlighted: diminished performance associated with cognitive deficits and inaccurate self-appraisal of empathic abilities.
Theory of mind correlates with clinical insight but not cognitive insight in patients with schizophrenia
TLDR
The results indicated that patients with poor clinical insight performed worse on tasks of second-order cognitive and affective ToM, while the ToM performance of patients with high clinical insight was equivalent to that of healthy controls.
Functional MRI examination of empathy for pain in people with schizophrenia reveals abnormal activation related to cognitive perspective-taking but typical activation linked to affective sharing
TLDR
People with schizophrenia showed relatively intact brain activation when observing others’ pain, but showed abnormalities when asked to take the cognitive perspectives of others.
The relative contributions of social cognition and self-reflectiveness to clinical insight in enduring schizophrenia
TLDR
Examination of the relative contribution of different social cognitive abilities, as well as metacognition, to clinical insight in a large sample of 139 enduring schizophrenia patients indicated that affective empathy and self-reflectiveness are the strongest predictors of clinical insight.
The relationship between insight and theory of mind in schizophrenia
TLDR
The findings confirm that ToM deficits negatively affect insight independently of co-existent neurocognitive deficits and symptom severity in chronic schizophrenia.
A Meta-Analysis Taxonomizing Empathy in Schizophrenia
Background Trait empathy is integral to relationship development and maintenance. Therefore, impairment in this ability can have an adverse effect on many domains of life including social, sexual,…
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