Innate Antiviral Responses by Means of TLR7-Mediated Recognition of Single-Stranded RNA

@article{Diebold2004InnateAR,
  title={Innate Antiviral Responses by Means of TLR7-Mediated Recognition of Single-Stranded RNA},
  author={Sandra S Diebold and Tsuneyasu Kaisho and Hiroaki Hemmi and Shizuo Akira and Caetano Reis e Sousa},
  journal={Science},
  year={2004},
  volume={303},
  pages={1529 - 1531}
}
Interferons (IFNs) are critical for protection from viral infection, but the pathways linking virus recognition to IFN induction remain poorly understood. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce vast amounts of IFN-α in response to the wild-type influenza virus. Here, we show that this requires endosomal recognition of influenza genomic RNA and signaling by means of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and MyD88. Single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules of nonviral origin also induce TLR7-dependent production… 
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