Inhaled Nitric Oxide Does Not Reduce Mortality in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Regardless of Severity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*
@article{Adhikari2014InhaledNO, title={Inhaled Nitric Oxide Does Not Reduce Mortality in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Regardless of Severity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*}, author={Neill K. J. Adhikari and Richard Phillip Dellinger and Stefan Lundin and Didier Payen and Beno{\^i}t Vallet and Herwig Gerlach and Kwang Joo Park and Sangeeta Mehta and Arthur S Slutsky and Jan O. Friedrich}, journal={Critical Care Medicine}, year={2014}, volume={42}, pages={404–412} }
Objective:Treatment with inhaled nitric oxide improves oxygenation but not survival in mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, but the effect may depend on the severity of hypoxemia. Our objective was to determine whether nitric oxide reduces hospital mortality in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FIO2 ⩽ 100 mm Hg) but not in patients with mild-moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (100 < PaO2/FIO2 ⩽ 300 mm Hg) at the time…
140 Citations
Inhaled nitric oxide and the risk of renal dysfunction in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a propensity-matched cohort study
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- 2016
This study showed that iNO substantially increased the risk of renal dysfunction in patients with ARDS, and older aged patients were especially susceptible to this adverse event.
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Positive response to inhaled nitric oxide was associated with fewer ventilator days, without change in mortality, potentially via reduced use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
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A benefit of decreased duration of mechanical ventilation and an increased rate of ECMO-free survival was demonstrated in patients who were randomized to receiving iNO, suggesting that there may be benefit to the use of iNO in pediatric ARDS (PARDS) that has not been demonstrated in adults.
Inhaled nitric oxide in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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The current evidence suggests that iNO should not be routinely used in patients with ARDS however, it may be considered as adjunct therapy to tentatively improve oxygenation while other therapies are being considered in patients with severely hypoxemic ARDS.
Inhaled nitric oxide therapy and risk of renal dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
- Medicine, BiologyCritical Care
- 2015
The available data show that iNO therapy may increase the risk of renal dysfunction, especially with prolonged use and in patients with ARDS, and that future trials of iNO should evaluate renal safety.
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- 2017
A retrospective cohort study evaluating the relationship between inhaled nitric oxide administered in the first 3 days of ARDS and subsequent need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) found thatNitric oxide was associated with a substantial increase in RRT, consistent with meta-analyses of trials.
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Despite high hospital mortality, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome patients surviving to hospital discharge have relatively good long-term survival, and worsening hypoxemia was associated with initiation of rescue therapy.
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- MedicineCritical care medicine
- 2014
This issue of Critical Care Medicine, Adhikari et al build upon the results of a previous systematic review and meta-analysis by obtaining patient-level data to examine whether inhaled nitric oxide improves survival in patients with severe hypoxemia, a subgroup that has been underrepresented in clinical trials.
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Evidence-based application of these therapies in acute respiratory distress syndrome remains a significant challenge, however, a rational stepwise approach with frequent monitoring for improvement or harm can be achieved.
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Timely clinician responsiveness to improved oxygenation with inhaled nitric oxide was associated with more ventilator-free days but not less cardiac arrests, mortality, or additional morbidity.
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