Induction of filopodium formation by a WASP-related actin-depolymerizing protein N-WASP

@article{Miki1998InductionOF,
  title={Induction of filopodium formation by a WASP-related actin-depolymerizing protein N-WASP},
  author={Hiroaki Miki and Takuya Sasaki and Yoshimi Takai and Tadaomi Takenawa},
  journal={Nature},
  year={1998},
  volume={391},
  pages={93-96}
}
Cdc42 is a small GTPase of the Rho family which regulates the formation of actin filaments to generate filopodia,. Although there are several proteins such as PAK, ACK and WASP (Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein) that bind Cdc42 directly, none of these can account for the filopodium formation induced by Cdc42. Here we demonstrate that before it can induce filopodium formation, Cdc42 must bind a WASP-related protein, N-WASP, that is richest in neural tissues but is expressed ubiquitously. N-WASP… 
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WIP regulates N-WASP-mediated actin polymerization and filopodium formation
TLDR
It is shown that WASP-interacting protein (WIP) interacts directly with N-WASP and actin, which is consistent with their role in actin-tail formation in cells infected with vaccinia virus or Shigella.
Comment How WASP Regulates Actin Polymerization
TLDR
The isolated native WASP from thymus is isolated and shown that it is indeed inactive until stimulated, and the known binding of N-WASP’s COOH terminus by its NH 2 terminus has now been shown to inhibit the ability of the COOh terminus to activate actin nucleation, illuminating the molecular basis of this regulation.
Inducible recruitment of Cdc42 or WASP to a cell-surface receptor triggers actin polymerization and filopodium formation
WASP family members and formin proteins coordinate regulation of cell protrusions in carcinoma cells
TLDR
Data show that coordinate regulation between the WASP family and mDia proteins controls the balance between lamellar and lamellipodial protrusion activity.
Cytoskeletal alterations in Dictyostelium induced by expression of human cdc42.
TLDR
Human cdc42 has various effects on the Dictyostelium actin cytoskeleton consistent with a conserved role of small GTPases in control of the cytos skeleton.
Regulation of actin cytoskeleton by mDab1 through N-WASP and ubiquitination of mDab1.
TLDR
It is shown that mDab1 associates with N-WASP (neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein) in vitro and in brains of embryonic mice, which suggests that m Dab1 regulates the actin cytoskeleton through N-wASP, which is negatively regulated by phosphorylation-mediated ubiquitination of mDAb1.
FCHSD2 cooperates with CDC42 and N-WASP to regulate cell protrusion formation.
The Toca-1-N-WASP Complex Links Filopodial Formation to Endocytosis
TLDR
It is reported that Toca-1 induces filopodia and neurites as does N-WASP in N1E115 neuroblastoma cells, and three inhibitors of endocytosis, Dynamin-K44A, Eps15Δ95/295, and clathrin heavy chain RNA interference, block TOCA-1-induced Filopodial formation.
C3G is required for c-Abl-induced filopodia and its overexpression promotes filopodia formation.
The Cdc42 Effector IRSp53 Generates Filopodia by Coupling Membrane Protrusion with Actin Dynamics*
TLDR
It is proposed that IRSp53 generates filopodia by coupling membrane protrusion through its I-BAR domain with actin dynamics through SH3 domain binding partners, including N-WASP and Mena.
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