Inducers of Plant Systemic Acquired Resistance Regulate NPR1 Function through Redox Changes

@article{Mou2003InducersOP,
  title={Inducers of Plant Systemic Acquired Resistance Regulate NPR1 Function through Redox Changes},
  author={Zhonglin Mou and Wei Fan and Xinnian Dong},
  journal={Cell},
  year={2003},
  volume={113},
  pages={935-944}
}
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Systemic acquired resistance is an induced immune mechanism in plants that can be passed on to progeny through epigenetic regulation and redox regulators, the mediator complex, WRKY transcription factors, endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteins, and DNA repair proteins play critical roles in SAR.
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It is suggested that H2O2 has a signaling role in pathogenesis, acting as a negative regulator of NPR1 translocation to the nucleus, limiting the NPR1-dependent gene expression.
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Systemic acquired resistance.
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A model describing the sequence of events leading from initial infection to the induction of defense genes is presented and exciting new data suggest that the mobile signal for SAR might be a lipid molecule.
Plant Immunity Requires Conformational Charges of NPR1 via S-Nitrosylation and Thioredoxins
TLDR
It is reported that S-nitrosylation of NPR1 by S-Nitrosoglutathione at cysteine-156 facilitates its oligomerization, which maintains protein homeostasis upon SA induction, and suggest a link between pathogen-triggered redox changes and gene regulation in plant immunity.
Overexpression of (At)NPR1 in rice leads to a BTH- and environment-induced lesion-mimic/cell death phenotype.
TLDR
It is demonstrated that overexpression of (At)NPR1 in rice also triggers a lesion-mimic/cell death (LMD) phenotype, suggesting that (At), the central regulator of SAR in Arabidopsis, has multiple roles in plant stress responses that may affect its efficacy as a transgenic tool for engineering broad-spectrum resistance.
Nuclear localization of NPR1 is required for regulation of salicylate tolerance, isochorismate synthase 1 expression and salicylate accumulation in Arabidopsis.
Regulation of Systemic Acquired Resistance through the Interaction of Arabidopsis thaliana Transcription factors TGAI and TGA2 with NPRI
TLDR
It is discovered that one of these transcription factors, TGA2, behaves as a repressor in unchallenged Arabidopsis and acts to repress NPRI-dependent activation of PRJ, and the ability of the TGAI-NPRI complex to activate transcription results from a novel transactivation domain in NPRI.
Induced disease resistance signaling in plants
TLDR
The model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana has been extensively explored to study the molecular basis of systemically induced resistance and the current knowledge on induced disease resistance signaling in plants is reviewed.
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References

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A role for PR genes in preventing the proximal spread of pathogens in addition to their suggested role in SAR is suggested after the insensitivity of npr1 to SA, INA, and avirulent pathogens in SAR induction indicates that these inducers share a common signal transduction pathway.
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TLDR
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TLDR
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