Indian club swinging in the early Victorian period

@article{Heffernan2017IndianCS,
  title={Indian club swinging in the early Victorian period},
  author={Conor Heffernan},
  journal={Sport in History},
  year={2017},
  volume={37},
  pages={120 - 95}
}
ABSTRACT Although relatively unknown to the modern fitness enthusiast, Indian club swinging, the practice of swinging bottle shaped clubs for gymnastic exercise, was once a highly popular form of recreation and rehabilitation in Victorian England. Inspired by the centuries-old Indian practice of jori swinging, club swinging first emerged in England in the 1820s, thanks to its adoption by the British army. Although first viewed as a military training practice, club swinging was soon appropriated… 
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