Increased postflight carotid artery stiffness and inflight insulin resistance resulting from 6-mo spaceflight in male and female astronauts.

@article{Hughson2016IncreasedPC,
  title={Increased postflight carotid artery stiffness and inflight insulin resistance resulting from 6-mo spaceflight in male and female astronauts.},
  author={Richard Lee Hughson and Andrew Donald Robertson and Philippe Arbeille and Joel Kevin Shoemaker and James W. E. Rush and Katelyn S. Fraser and Danielle K. Greaves},
  journal={American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology},
  year={2016},
  volume={310 5},
  pages={
          H628-38
        }
}
Removal of the normal head-to-foot gravity vector and chronic weightlessness during spaceflight might induce cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations related to changes in arterial pressure and reduction in physical activity. We tested hypotheses that stiffness of arteries located above the heart would be increased postflight, and that blood biomarkers inflight would be consistent with changes in vascular function. Possible sex differences in responses were explored in four male and four female… 
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