In vivo confocal microscopy of human corneal nerves in health, in ocular and systemic disease, and following corneal surgery: a review

@article{Patel2009InVC,
  title={In vivo confocal microscopy of human corneal nerves in health, in ocular and systemic disease, and following corneal surgery: a review},
  author={Dipika V Patel and C N J McGhee},
  journal={British Journal of Ophthalmology},
  year={2009},
  volume={93},
  pages={853 - 860}
}
  • D. Patel, C. McGhee
  • Published 14 May 2009
  • Medicine, Biology
  • British Journal of Ophthalmology
The exponential evolution of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) has led to a significant enhancement in our knowledge of the living cornea in both its physiological and pathological states. Studies using white light and coherent light-based IVCM have enabled detailed quantitative analysis of sub-basal nerve parameters, and have also resulted in the elucidation of the two-dimensional architecture of the normal corneal sub-basal nerve plexus. However, accurate and repeatable methods for… 
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209 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
8
Background Citations
54
Methods Citations
10
Results Citations
5

209 Citations

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Citation Type

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy of Corneal Nerves in Health and Disease.
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy of Corneal Nerves: Analysis and Clinical Correlation
TLDR
The principles, applications, and clinical correlation of IVCM in the study of corneal nerves in different ocular and systemic diseases, including peripheral diabetic neuropathy, are described.
In Vivo Confocal Microscopy of the Human Cornea in the Assessment of Peripheral Neuropathy and Systemic Diseases
TLDR
The potential use of corneal IVCM in general clinical practice as a noninvasive method of assessing peripheral neuropathies, monitoring inflammatory states and clinical therapeutic response is reviewed.
Ex vivo confocal microscopy of human corneal nerves
TLDR
This study establishes a direct link between sub-basal nerves and the sub-Bowman's nerves via distinct terminal bulbs, which is seen in all quadrants and can be traced to the corneal centre.
In vivo confocal microscopy of the abnormal cornea : a clinical and clinico-pathological correlation
TLDR
This study presented for the first time IVCM diagnostic criteria in corneal intraepithelial neoplasia, keratoconus, Acanthamoeba keratitis and some corNEal dystrophies and contrasted IVCM criteria in conjunctival epithelial overgrowth onto the cornea in limbal stem cell deficiency and Pterygium-like disorders to confirm reliable diagnostic criteria of CIN with IVCM.
Corneal features in ocular graft-versus-host disease by in vivo confocal microscopy
TLDR
In vivo confocal microscopy revealed distinct microstructural changes in the corneas of patients with oGVHD and DES, similar between the two groups, and suggest implications for use of IVCM to evaluate and monitor patients with dry eyes associated or not with GVHD.
In vivo confocal microscopy of the ocular surface: where are we now?
TLDR
IVCM has been widely used to investigate the in vivo microstructure of the living cornea and to detect changes and abnormalities in a huge variety of corneal pathologies or following surgery, as well as an in vivo method for detection of drug toxicity on the ocular surface.
An In Vivo Confocal Microscopic Study of Corneal Nerve Morphology in Unilateral Keratoconus
TLDR
Quantitative changes in the corneal nerve morphology can be used as an imaging marker for the early diagnosis of keratoconus before the onset of refractive or topography changes.
Applications of in vivo confocal microscopy in the management of infectious keratitis in veterinary ophthalmology.
TLDR
In vivo confocal microscopy is a relatively new ocular imaging technique that permits morphological and quantitative assessment of the living cornea on the cellular level, including its use in animals with bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral keratitis.
Chapter 4 Laser-Scanning in vivo Confocal Microscopy of the Cornea : Imaging and Analysis Methods for Preclinical and Clinical Applications
TLDR
The cornea transmits visible light with very little absorption, while the cellular features of interest within the cornea often strongly scatter light, resulting in the possibility of obtaining high signal-tonoise images by optical techniques.
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References

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TLDR
This perspective paper aims to provide an overview of how in vivo confocal microscopy has contributed to greater understanding of the human cornea in health, in disease, and following surgery, with a particular emphasis on quantitative data.
In vivo confocal microscopy of the cornea in health and disease
TLDR
The strong association with corneal disease states suggests that the most likely explanation for this appearance is the alteration in cellular/nuclear morphology, composition or function.
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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