In vivo activity of CRISPR‐mediated virus defence in a hyperthermophilic archaeon

@article{Manica2011InVA,
  title={In vivo activity of CRISPR‐mediated virus defence in a hyperthermophilic archaeon},
  author={Andrea Manica and Ziga Zebec and Daniela Teichmann and Christa Schleper},
  journal={Molecular Microbiology},
  year={2011},
  volume={80}
}
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas systems are found widespread in bacterial and archaeal genomes and exhibit considerable diversity. However, closer insights into the action of most of the CRISPR modules have remained elusive in particular in Archaea as a result of the lack of suitable in vivo test systems. Here we demonstrate CRISPR/Cas‐based immune defence in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Recombinant variants of the SSV1 virus… 
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103 Citations
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103 Citations

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Citation Type

CRISPR-mediated defense mechanisms in the hyperthermophilic archaeal genus Sulfolobus
TLDR
Recent progress made in understanding spacer recruitment from foreign DNA, production of small RNAs, in vitro activity of CRISPR-associated protein complexes and attack of viruses and plasmids in in vivo test systems are addressed.
Unexpectedly broad target recognition of the CRISPR-mediated virus defence system in the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus
TLDR
It is demonstrated here that an unexpectedly high number of mutations are tolerated between the CRISPR-derived guide RNAs (crRNAs) and their target sequences (protospacer) and that they should not merely be perceived as a ‘first-barrier-defence system’ but may be considered to have a broader mechanism that allows host cells to cope with viruses keeping them at reduced levels.
Heavily Armed Ancestors: CRISPR Immunity and Applications in Archaea with a Comparative Analysis of CRISPR Types in Sulfolobales
TLDR
This review gives an overview of CRISPR immunity to newcomers in the field and an update onCRISPR literature in archaea by comparing the functional mechanisms and abundances of the diverse CRISpr types and identifies ring nuclease candidates in all but two genomes.
CRISPR: A Bacterial Immunity System Based on Small RNAs
TLDR
The CRISPR system has been proven to confer adaptive and inheritable immunity against foreign nucleic acid and resembles the RNA interference phenomenon of eukaryotes, an important control and defense tool with widespread applications in research and medical developments.
CRISPR-mediated targeted mRNA degradation in the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus
TLDR
In vivo cleavage of mRNA in a prokaryote mediated by small RNAs and the re-programming of the system to silence specific genes of interest are demonstrated and are analogous to RNA interference in eukaryotes.
Characterisation of proteins involved in CRISPR-mediated antiviral defence in Sulfolobus solfataricus
TLDR
The biochemical characteristics of CRISPR-mediated defense in the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus is described, and the recognition and silencing of DNA targets in E. coli has been shown to involve a multiprotein complex termed CASCADE as well as Cas3, a putative helicase-HD nuclease.
The ring of confidence: a haloarchaeal CRISPR/Cas system.
TLDR
The present paper summarizes the current knowledge about the CRISPR/Cas system in Haloferax volcanii, an extremely halophilic archaeon that was isolated from the Dead Sea and was shown to be still active.
Cytotoxic Chromosomal Targeting by CRISPR/Cas Systems Can Reshape Bacterial Genomes and Expel or Remodel Pathogenicity Islands
TLDR
In DNA–targeting CRISPR/Cas systems, chromosomal interference is deleterious by causing DNA damage and providing a strong selective pressure for genome alterations, which may have consequences for bacterial evolution and pathogenicity.
Selective and hyperactive uptake of foreign DNA by adaptive immune systems of an archaeon via two distinct mechanisms
TLDR
The hyperactive uptake of hundreds of unique spacers within CRISPR loci associated with type I and IIIB immune systems of a hyperthermophilic archaeon is demonstrated, underline the complex dynamics ofCRISPR‐based immune systems within a population infected with genetic elements.
Self‐targeting spacers in CRISPR‐array: Accidental occurrence or evolutionarily conserved phenomenon
TLDR
An attempt has been made to understand self‐targeting spacers in the context of gene regulation, autoimmunity, and its avoidance strategies.
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