Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala

@article{Adolphs1994ImpairedRO,
  title={Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala},
  author={Ralph Adolphs and Daniel Tranel and Hanna Damasio and Antonio R. Damasio},
  journal={Nature},
  year={1994},
  volume={372},
  pages={669-672}
}
STUDIES in animals have shown that the amygdala receives highly processed visual input1,2, contains neurons that respond selectively to faces3, and that it participates in emotion4,5 and social behaviour6. Although studies in epileptic patients support its role in emotion7, determination of the amygdala's function in humans has been hampered by the rarity of patients with selective amygdala lesions8. Here, with the help of one such rare patient, we report findings that suggest the human… 
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A further investigation is reported of one of these rare cases, a woman who has impaired perception of the intonation patterns that are essential to the perception of vocal affect, despite normal hearing, which shows that the amygdala's role in the recognition of certain emotions is not confined to vision, which is consistent with its being involved in the appraisal of danger and the emotion of fear.
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