Images of Neptune's ring arcs obtained by a ground-based telescope

@article{Sicardy1999ImagesON,
  title={Images of Neptune's ring arcs obtained by a ground-based telescope},
  author={Bruno Sicardy and François J. Roddier and Claude A. Roddier and Ettore Perozzi and John e. Graves and Olivier Guyon and Malcolm Northcott},
  journal={Nature},
  year={1999},
  volume={400},
  pages={731-733}
}
Neptune has a collection of incomplete narrow rings, known as ring arcs, which should in isolation be destroyed by differential motion in a matter of months. Yet since first discovered by stellar occultations in 1984, they appear to have persisted, perhaps through a gravitational resonance effect involving the satellite Galatea. Here we report ground-based observations of the ring arcs, obtained using an adaptive optics system. Our data, and those obtained using the Hubble Space Telescope… 
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45 Citations

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References

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An Explanation for Neptune's Ring Arcs
TLDR
Analysis of Voyager data shows that a radial distortion with an amplitude of approximately 30 kilometers is traveling through the ring arcs, a perturbation attributable to the nearby satellite Galatea, and the arcs appear to be azimuthally confined by a resonant interaction with the same satellite.
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Stability of Neptune's ring arcs in question
Although all four of the gas-giant planets in the Solar System have ring systems, only Neptune exhibits ‘ring arcs’—stable clumps of dust that are discontinuous from each other. Two basic mechanisms…
Shepherding model for Neptune's arc ring
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The first reconnaissance of all the major planets of the Solar System culminated in the Voyager 2 encounter with Neptune in August 1989. Neptune itself was revealed as a planet with gigantic active…
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