@inproceedings{Uma2009IeeeIS,
title={Ieee Intelligent Systems Kinds of Systems?},
author={Nirmal Uma and Robert R. Hoffman and Jeffrey M. Bradshaw},
year={2009}
}
Kinds of Systems? Consider the following six systems-related terms. Sociotechnical systems emerged from research at the Tavistock Institute in the 1950s on the effects of the introduction of powered machines on the work, management-labor relations, and the lives, families, and societies of coal miners.2 Human-machine systems is the idea, originating in industrial psychology in the World War I era, that man and machine must be thought of as a single system. The tipping point was the design of a… CONTINUE READING