Hydrogen cyanide generation by μ-opiate receptor activation: possible neuromodulatory role of endogenous cyanide

@article{Borowitz1997HydrogenCG,
  title={Hydrogen cyanide generation by $\mu$-opiate receptor activation: possible neuromodulatory role of endogenous cyanide},
  author={J. Borowitz and P. Gunasekar and G. Isom},
  journal={Brain Research},
  year={1997},
  volume={768},
  pages={294-300}
}
Hydrogen cyanide, a gaseous molecule, is produced by white blood cells during phagocytosis. The present study examined the possibility that neuronal-like cells may also produce cyanide following activation. Rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells exhibited a low level of cyanide generation that was significantly increased by mu-opiate agonists (hydromorphone, morphine) and blocked by naloxone. A variety of other agonists including bradykinin, nicotine and glutamate did not generate cyanide in PC12… Expand
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Endogenous generation of cyanide in neuronal tissue: Involvement of a peroxidase system
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Glycine seems to act at an intracellular site to enhance cyanide production and the process seems to involve a peroxidase mechanism similar to that reported for white blood cells. Expand
Receptor mechanisms mediating cyanide generation in PC12 cells and rat brain
TLDR
Data indicate that opiate receptors increase and muscarinic receptors decrease cyanide production in rat brain tissue by G-protein independent mechanisms, which supports the suggestion that the powerful actions of cyanide may be important for neuromodulation in the CNS. Expand
Physiological concentrations of cyanide stimulate mitochondrial Complex IV and enhance cellular bioenergetics
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The stimulatory effect of cyanide on CCOx was associated with the removal of the constitutive, inhibitory glutathionylation on its catalytic 30- and 57-kDa subunits, raising the possibility that cyanide at low, endogenous levels serves regulatory purposes in mammals. Expand
Oxidative stress and cyclooxygenase-2 induction mediate cyanide-induced apoptosis of cortical cells.
TLDR
The data show that cyanide treatment of cortical cells involves increased COX-2 expression, PGE(2) accumulation, and ROS generation, resulting in apoptotic cell death, and increased nitric oxide levels caused by cyanide may directly activate the COx-2 enzyme. Expand
Nitric oxide and histone deacetylases modulate cocaine-induced mu-opioid receptor levels in PC12 cells
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In the PC12 cell model, both nitric oxide and histone deacetylase activity regulate cocaine-induced MOR expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, suggesting epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in cocaine’s action on MOR expression in neurons. Expand
Neurotoxicological and Behavioral Effects of Cyanide and Its Potential Therapies
The use of the blood agent cyanide (CN) as a military threat agent has been recognized not only historically (Nero and Napoleon III) but also more currently in World War I, World War II, in the… Expand
The role of brain gaseous neurotransmitters in anxiety
TLDR
A possible mechanism of gasotransmitter action at the level of anxiety-related synaptic transmission is presented and brain gasesous neuromediators urgently require further wide ranging studies to clarify their potential value for the current neuropharmacology of anxiety disorders. Expand
The inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase by the gases carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen sulfide: chemical mechanism and physiological significance
TLDR
The chemistry of this inhibition by NO and CO is dependent on oxygen concentration, but that of HCN and H2S is not, and the enzyme may act as a physiological detoxifier of these gases. Expand
A Mitochondria-Specific Fluorescent Probe for Visualizing Endogenous Hydrogen Cyanide Fluctuations in Neurons.
TLDR
A mitochondria-specific coumarin pyrrolidinium-derived fluorescence probe (MRP1) that permits the real-time ratiometric imaging ofHCN in living cells and has proved effective in visualizing different concentrations of exogenous HCN in the mitochondria of HepG2 cells, as well as the imaging of endogenous HCN within neurons. Expand
[Acute poisoning with carbon monoxide (CO) and cyanide (CN)].
  • F. Baud
  • Medicine
  • Therapeutische Umschau. Revue therapeutique
  • 2009
TLDR
A critical analysis of acute CO and CN poisonings evidences that the lone toxicological similarity between CO andCN is their ability to avidly bind iron ions in the different hemoproteins, further supporting different mechanisms of action. Expand
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