Human Genomic Diversity in Europe: A Summary of Recent Research and Prospects for the Future
@article{CavalliSforza1993HumanGD, title={Human Genomic Diversity in Europe: A Summary of Recent Research and Prospects for the Future}, author={Luca L. Cavalli-Sforza and Alberto Piazza}, journal={European Journal of Human Genetics}, year={1993}, volume={1}, pages={3-18} }
Gene frequencies in Europe are intermediate with respect to those of other continents. A phylogenetic tree reconstructed from 95 gene frequencies tested on 26 European samples shows some deviant populations (Lapps, Sardinians, Greeks, Yugoslavs, Basques, Icelanders and Finns) and other weakly structured populations. This behavior may have a simple interpretation: Europeans have not evolved according to a tree of descent probably because of the major role played by migrations in prehistorical…
190 Citations
Human Y-chromosome short tandem repeats: a tale of acculturation and migrations as mechanisms for the diffusion of agriculture in the Balkan Peninsula.
- BiologyAmerican journal of physical anthropology
- 2010
The data support the view that the diffusion of agriculture into the Balkan region was mostly a cultural phenomenon although some genetic infiltration from Africa, the Levant, the Caucasus, and the Near East has occurred.
Population history of North Africa based on modern and ancient genomes.
- BiologyHuman molecular genetics
- 2020
There is an urgent need for the study of genetic variation in the region and its implications in health and disease, as there is no genetic pattern of differentiation between Tamazight and Arab speakers as a whole.
Estimating the impact of prehistoric admixture on the genome of Europeans.
- BiologyMolecular biology and evolution
- 2004
Several tests suggest that probable departures from the admixture models, due to factors such as choice of the putative parental populations and more complex demographic scenarios, may have affected the main estimates only to a limited extent.
Population Genomic Analysis of Ancient and Modern Genomes Yields New Insights into the Genetic Ancestry of the Tyrolean Iceman and the Genetic Structure of Europe
- BiologyPLoS genetics
- 2014
Using whole-genome sequencing data, it is confirmed that the Iceman is, indeed, most closely related to Sardinians and it is shown that this relationship extends to other individuals from cultural contexts associated with the spread of agriculture during the Neolithic transition, in contrast to individuals from a hunter-gatherer context.
Ancient DNA from South-East Europe Reveals Different Events during Early and Middle Neolithic Influencing the European Genetic Heritage
- BiologyPloS one
- 2015
It is proposed that permeation of mtDNA lineages from a second wave of Middle-Late Neolithic migration from North-West Anatolia into the Balkan Peninsula and Central Europe represent an important contribution to the Genetic shift between Early and Late Neolithic populations in Europe, and consequently to the genetic make-up of modern European populations.
Indo-European origins: a computer-simulation test of five hypotheses.
- BiologyAmerican journal of physical anthropology
- 1995
The genetic structure of current populations speaking Indo-European languages seems to largely reflect a Neolithic expansion, consistent with the hypothesis of a parallel spread of farming technologies and a proto-Indo-European language in the Neolithic.
Y-chromosome and Surname Analyses for Reconstructing Past Population Structures: The Sardinian Population as a Test Case
- BiologyInternational journal of molecular sciences
- 2019
The results show that the analysis of the Y-chromosome gene pool coupled with a sampling method based on the origin of the family name, is an efficient approach to unravelling past heterogeneity, often hidden by recent movements, in the gene pool of modern populations.
From old markers to next generation: reconstructing the history of the peopling of Sardinia
- BiologyAnnals of human biology
- 2021
This work reviewed what has emerged from different studies of the peopling and genetic structure of Sardinia, focussing on some still open questions, such as the origin of Sardinians, their relationship with the Corsican population, and the intra-regional genetic heterogeneity.
Italian isolates today: geographic and linguistic factors shaping human biodiversity.
- BiologyJournal of anthropological sciences = Rivista di antropologia : JASS
- 2008
The ongoing collaborative research project "Isolating the Isolates": geographic and cultural factors of human genetic variation regarding Italian extant geographical and/or linguistic isolates is described, aimed at overcoming the limitations of previous studies regarding geographical coverage of isolates, number and type of genetic polymorphisms under study and suitability of the experimental design to investigate gene-culture coevolutionary processes.
Population history of the Sardinian people inferred from whole-genome sequencing
- BiologybioRxiv
- 2016
The population of the mountainous Gennargentu region shows elevated genetic isolation with higher levels of ancestryassociated with mainland Neolithic farmers and depleted ancestry associated with more recent Bronze Age Steppe migrations on the mainland, providing evidence for a sex-biased demographic history in Sardinia.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 29 REFERENCES
The Basques in Europe: a genetic analysis.
- Biology
- 1988
Modern Basques are more closely related (in genetic terms) to European rather than non-European populations, therefore it seems plausible that Basques differentiated from European populations before the Celtic invasion.
Genetic evidence for the spread of agriculture in Europe by demic diffusion
- BiologyNature
- 1991
Findings support the hypothesis of Ammerman and Cavalli-Sforza and invite further investigation into Renfrew's hypothesis on the origin of the Indo-European languages.
Zones of sharp genetic change in Europe are also linguistic boundaries.
- BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1990
Findings from "Wombling" support a model of genetic differentiation in Europe in which the genetic structure of the population is determined mainly by gene flow and admixture, rather than by adaptation to varying environmental conditions.
Synthetic maps of human gene frequencies in Europeans.
- BiologyScience
- 1978
Synthetic maps constructed for Europe and the Near East show clines in remarkable agreement with those expected on the basis of the spread of early farming in Europe, supporting the hypothesis that this spread was a demic spread rather than a cultural diffusion of farming technology.
Simulation and Separation by Principal Components of Multiple Demic Expansions in Europe
- EconomicsThe American Naturalist
- 1986
The spread over Europe of populations coming from different places at different times has been simulated with the main purpose of testing the possibility of separating independent migrations by the…
Uralic genes in Europe.
- BiologyAmerican journal of physical anthropology
- 1990
Analysis of data of three European populations speaking non-Indoeuropean languages shows that Lapps are almost exactly intermediate between people located geographically near the Ural mountains and speaking Uralic languages, and central and northern Europeans.
Multiple DNA fragment polymorphisms associated with immunoglobulin mu chain switch-like regions in man.
- BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1983
Linkage studies in 29 families show that five of the six polymorphisms, although relatively unassociated in random individuals, segregate in complete linkage one to the other and to Gm allotypes (markers on the heavy chain of IgG), while the sixth segregates independently.
Analysis of evolution: evolutionary rates, independence and treeness.
- Computer ScienceTheoretical population biology
- 1975