How does voltage open an ion channel?

@article{Tombola2006HowDV,
  title={How does voltage open an ion channel?},
  author={Francesco Tombola and Medha M. Pathak and Ehud Y. Isacoff},
  journal={Annual review of cell and developmental biology},
  year={2006},
  volume={22},
  pages={
          23-52
        }
}
Neurons transmit information through electrical signals generated by voltage-gated ion channels. These channels consist of a large superfamily of proteins that form channels selective for potassium, sodium, or calcium ions. In this review we focus on the molecular mechanisms by which these channels convert changes in membrane voltage into the opening and closing of "gates" that turn ion conductance on and off. An explosion of new studies in the last year, including the first X-ray crystal… 
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