Hormonal Therapy of Prostatic Cancer

@article{Scott1980HormonalTO,
  title={Hormonal Therapy of Prostatic Cancer},
  author={William Wallace Scott and M. Menon and Patrick C. Walsh},
  journal={Cancer},
  year={1980},
  volume={45}
}
The principle goal of hormonal therapy in the treatment of prostatic cancer, as Huggins suggested in 1941, is the suppression of androgenic stimuli. Consequently, the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer has consisted of orchiectomy, estrogen administration, antiandrogen therapy, adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy, or a combination of some of these. Although the three VACURG studies are subject to several valid criticisms, they provide the best available information to date. In summary, these… 
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Drug Therapy of Prostatic Cancer

In the United States, orchidectomy is waning as the primary treatment option for metastatic prostatic cancer, while estrogen use has declined drastically; GnRH analogues are being prescribed more frequently; and combination therapy with Gn RH analogues and the antiandrogen flutamide is gaining wider acceptance as aPrimary treatment option.

Hormonal Therapy in Metastatic Prostatic Cancer

The concept of hormonal therapy for prostatic cancer was introduced in 1941 with the prospect of curing even the most advanced of cases but after a decade of enthusiastic and optimistic use, it became apparent that hormonal therapy was not to be the panacea initially envisaged.

Current Status of Androgen Receptor Measurements in Prostatic Cancer

If one could identify those patients unlikely to obtain a prolonged response to hormonal manipulation they could be spared the side-effects of an unsuccessful course of hormonal therapy and instead be started earlier on alternate modes of therapy at a time when they are most likely to tolerate and thus possibly more likely to respond to these treatment.

Management of hormonal treatment effects

The most common side effects that result from treatment with luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists, antiandrogens, ketoconazole, estrogens, and progestational agents are discussed.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues for palliation of carcinoma of the prostate

It should be expected that treatment of far advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues is a safe, nontoxic and effective form of palliation.

Oestrogen dosage in prostatic cancer: the threshold effect?

It may be necessary to reduce plasma testosterone to midway between castrate and normal ranges in patients with hormone-sensitive prostatic carcinoma, and the effective dose of oestrogen may be reduced and the risk of thrombo-embolic complications minimised.

Biological basis for chemohormonal therapy for prostatic cancer.

The superficially benign nature of androgen ablation therapy has tended to disguise the fact that prostatic cancer is still a fatal disease for which no effective therapy is presently available.

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonistic analogues in the treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma

The data indicate that HOE 766 can be used safely as an alternative to castration or estrogens for the treatment of patients with androgen‐dependent prostatic cancer.

Hormone therapy of prostatic bone metastases.

  • R. Huben
  • Medicine
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology
  • 1992
The growing application of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a tumor marker for prostate cancer has made the difficulty in interpreting changes in bone scans a much less critical problem in determining response to endocrine or other forms of therapy for advanced prostate cancer.

A controlled trial of leuprolide with and without flutamide in prostatic carcinoma.

Treatment with le uprolide and flutamide is superior to treatment with leuprolide alone in patients with advanced prostate cancer, and Symptomatic improvement was greatest during the first 12 weeks of the combined androgen blockade.
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References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 81 REFERENCES

Effect of Hormonal Therapy on Plasma Testosterone Levels in Prostatic Carcinoma

Preliminary studies with aminoglutethimide indicate that it can produce biochemical and clinical effects similar to those of pituitary ablation and may be associated with relief of pain in patients who had been on stilboestrol.

Adrenal suppression in the treatment of carcinoma of the prostate.

A limited role for aminoglutethimide in the management of prostatic carcinoma is suggested and a fall in plasma testosterone beyond that achieved by oestrogens was not observed.

Studies on Prostatic Cancer. V. Excretion of 17-Ketosteroids, Estrogens and Gonadotropins before and after Castration1

A study of urinary hormones in a series of patients with prostatic cancer, before and after castration, in the hope of clarifying secretion-excretion relations.

EFFECTS OF SYNTHETIC ORAL OESTROGENS IN NORMAL MEN AND PATIENTS WITH PROSTATIC CARCINOMA: LACK OF GONADOTROPHIN SUPPRESSION BY CHLOROTRIANISENE

It is concluded that suppression of plasma testosterone levels observed during chlorotrianisene therapy is the result of a direct effect on the testis and that this agent may be of value in studies of gonadotrophin physiology.

STUDIES ON PROSTATIC CANCER: II. THE EFFECTS OF CASTRATION ON ADVANCED CARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE GLAND

Evidence is presented that significant improvement often occurs in the clinical condition of patients with far advanced cancer of the prostate after they have been subjected to castration and this work provides a new concept of prostatic carcinoma.

The veterans administration cooperative urological research group's studies of cancer of the prostate

The overall recommendation at present is that patients with prostatic cancer should not be treated until their symptoms require relief, and at that time it is recommended starting treatment with 1.0 mg DES daily.

Studies on prostatic cancer: I. The effect of castration, of estrogen and of androgen injection on serum phosphatases in metastatic carcinoma of the prostate

It is demonstrated that a marked rise in acid phosphatase in serum is associated with the appearance or spread of roentgenologically demonstrable skeletal metastases and implies dissemination of the primary tumor and thus is of unfavorable prognostic significance.

Treatment of prostatic cancer: studies by the Veterans Administration cooperative urological research group.

  • D. Byar
  • Medicine
    Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
  • 1972
It is the purpose here to review the first two studies of treatment for cancer of the prostate, to describe the design and operation of the studies, and to present the most recent data to allow you to draw your own conclusions in light of the evidence thus far obtained.

Selective Retention of Dihydrotestosterone by Prostatic Nuclei

Nuclear chromatin of prostate, but not other tissues which are insensitive to androgen, contains an androgen receptor which can selectively retain dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 5α-androstane-17β-ol-3-one)—the most potent endogenous androgen for the growth of ventral prostate of rat13,14.

The Veterans' Administration Cooperative Urological Research Group studies of carcinoma of the prostate: a review.

It was showed that early endocrine treatment of patients with advanced prostatic cancer did not increase overall survival when compared to initial treatment with placebo alone, and diethylstilbestrol, when given in a dose of 5.0 mg/day, was associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular deaths.
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