Higher Peripheral TREM2 mRNA Levels Relate to Cognitive Deficits and Hippocampal Atrophy in Alzheimer's Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment.

@article{Tan2017HigherPT,
  title={Higher Peripheral TREM2 mRNA Levels Relate to Cognitive Deficits and Hippocampal Atrophy in Alzheimer's Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment.},
  author={Yi Jayne Tan and Adeline Su Lyn Ng and Ashwati Vipin and Joseph K. W. Lim and Russell J Chander and Fang Ji and Ying-wei Qiu and Simon Kang Seng Ting and Shahul Hameed and Tih-Shih Lee and Li Zeng and Nagaendran Kandiah and Juan Helen Zhou},
  journal={Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year={2017},
  volume={58 2},
  pages={
          413-423
        }
}
BACKGROUND Variants in triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) are associated with increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Recent studies have reported inconsistent peripheral TREM2 mRNA expression levels and relationship with cognitive scores in AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Additionally, no study has examined the association of peripheral TREM2 levels with neuroimaging measures in AD and MCI. OBJECTIVE To determine peripheral TREM2 mRNA levels in AD, amnestic MCI… 
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Peripheral TREM2 mRNA levels in early and late-onset Alzheimer disease’s patients

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Although WMH volume was highest in AD subjects, it had a more pervasive influence on brain structure and cognitive impairment in MCI, highlighting the importance of early detection of cerebrovascular disease, as its intervention at the MCI stage might potentially slow down neurodegeneration.

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It is indicated that TREM2 has the potential to ameliorate the Aβ burden, though with differential clearance ability and may act as a potential therapeutic target.

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Observations, using the HPA010917 anti‐TREM2 antibody, suggest that TREM2 is not expressed by microglia but instead seems to be a marker of recruited monocytes in the human brain, emphasizing the importance of systemic immune responses in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease.

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Serum sTREM2 level could not serve as an immune biomarker of aging-related volume changes in brain regions closely related to cognitive function in older adults aged 65 years and above.

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These findings underscore the reciprocal relationships between the default, control, and salience networks that may account for the cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia.

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