High-temperature silicate volcanism on Jupiter's moon Io.

@article{McEwen1998HightemperatureSV,
  title={High-temperature silicate volcanism on Jupiter's moon Io.},
  author={Alfred S. McEwen and Laszlo P. Keszthelyi and John R. Spencer and Gerald Schubert and Dennis Matson and R. M. C. Lopes-Gautier and K. P. Klaasen and Torrence V. Johnson and James W. Head and Paul E. Geissler and Sarah A. Fagents and Ashley Gerard Davies and Michael H. Carr and H. Herbert Breneman and Michael J. S. Belton},
  journal={Science},
  year={1998},
  volume={281 5373},
  pages={
          87-90
        }
}
Infrared wavelength observations of Io by the Galileo spacecraft show that at least 12 different vents are erupting lavas that are probably hotter than the highest temperature basaltic eruptions on Earth today. In at least one case, the eruption near Pillan Patera, two independent instruments on Galileo show that the lava temperature must have exceeded 1700 kelvin and may have reached 2000 kelvin. The most likely explanation is that these lavas are ultramafic (magnesium-rich) silicates, and… 
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