Hexamer palindromic oligonucleotides with 5'-CG-3' motif(s) induce production of interferon.

@article{Sonehara1996HexamerPO,
  title={Hexamer palindromic oligonucleotides with 5'-CG-3' motif(s) induce production of interferon.},
  author={Kazuhiko Sonehara and H. Saito and Etsuro Kuramoto and S. Yamamoto and T. Yamamoto and Tohru Tokunaga},
  journal={Journal of interferon \& cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research},
  year={1996},
  volume={16 10},
  pages={
          799-803
        }
}
  • K. Sonehara, H. Saito, T. Tokunaga
  • Published 1 October 1996
  • Biology, Chemistry
  • Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research
We have shown previously that 30-mer oligonucleotides containing hexamer palindromic sequences with 5'-CG-3' motif(s) induce interferon (IFN), activate natural killer (NK) cells, and thus exhibit tumor-regressing activity. The present study showed that a hexamer palindromic oligonucleotide (5'-AACGTT-3') alone induced IFN from mouse spleen cells when added with cationic liposomes. Accordingly, 32 kinds of hexamer palindromic oligonucleotides were tested for their ability to induce IFN in the… 
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References

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Unique palindromic sequences in synthetic oligonucleotides are required to induce IFN [correction of INF] and augment IFN-mediated [correction of INF] natural killer activity.
TLDR
The results strongly suggest that the presence of the unique palindromic sequences, such as GACGTC, AGCGCT, and AACGTT, but not ACCGGT, is essential for the immunostimulatory activity of oligonucleotides.
Ability of oligonucleotides with certain palindromes to induce interferon production and augment natural killer cell activity is associated with their base length.
TLDR
It is indicated that the immunostimulatory activity of oligonucleotides with certain palindromic sequences requires an oligon nucleotide at least 18 bases long.
Binding of oligoguanylate to scavenger receptors is required for oligonucleotides to augment NK cell activity and induce IFN.
TLDR
It is suggested that the binding of an extrapalindromic sequence to the scavenger receptor is required for the immunostimulatory activity of oligo-1, a 30mer single-stranded oligonucleotide with oligoG sequences next to the active palindromo-G sequences.
Oligonucleotide Sequences Required for Natural Killer Cell Activation
TLDR
The results indicated that the activity depended critically on the presence of particular palindromic sequences including the 5 ‐CG‐3 motif(s), and the size and the number of Palindromes showed the strongest activity among the oligonucleotides tested.
Synthetic Oligonucleotides with Particular Base Sequences from the cDNA Encoding Proteins of Mycobacterium bovis BCG Induce Interferons and Activate Natural Killer Cells
TLDR
It is suggested that certain palindrome sequences, like GACGTC, GGCGCC and TGCGCA, are essential for 30‐mer oligonucleotides, like BCG‐A4a, to induce IFNs.
Antitumor Activity of Synthetic Oligonucleotides with Sequences from cDNA Encoding Proteins of Mycobacterium bovis BCG
TLDR
Results suggested that palindromic structure is essential for the antitumor activity of the synthetic oligonucleotides.
Lipofection of Synthetic Oligodeoxyribonucleotide Having a Palindromic Sequence of AACGTT to Murine Splenocytes Enhances Interferon Production and Natural Killer Activity
TLDR
The results strongly suggest that the prerequisite for IFN production is not the binding of AAC‐22 to the cell surface receptors, but its penetration into the spleen cells.
CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation
TLDR
The potent immune activation by CpG oligon nucleotides has impli-cations for the design and interpretation of studies using 'antisense' oligonucleotides and points to possible new applications as adjuvants.
Upstream regulatory elements of murine alpha 4-interferon gene confer inducibility and cell type-restricted expression.
CpG motifs present in bacteria DNA rapidly induce lymphocytes to secrete interleukin 6, interleukin 12, and interferon gamma.
TLDR
Stimulatory CpG DNA motifs induced B, T, and natural killer cells to secrete cytokine more effectively than did lipopolysaccharide, suggesting immune recognition of bacterial DNA may contribute to the cytokine, as well as the antibody production characteristic of an innate inflammatory response.
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