Helping one or helping many? A theoretical integration and meta-analytic review of the compassion fade literature

@article{Butts2019HelpingOO,
  title={Helping one or helping many? A theoretical integration and meta-analytic review of the compassion fade literature},
  author={Marcus M. Butts and Devin C. Lunt and Traci L Freling and Allison S. Gabriel},
  journal={Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes},
  year={2019}
}
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Using personalization for cause-related marketing beyond compassion fade on social media
PurposeIn light of the increasing occurrences of social issues and natural disasters, the number of people who need financial assistance is also growing. Using the compassion fade framework,…
Is empathy the default response to suffering? A meta-analytic evaluation of perspective-taking’s effect on empathic concern
We conducted a series of meta-analytic tests on experiments in which participants read perspective-taking instructions—i.e., written instructions to imagine a distressed persons’ point of view…
The role of place attachment in diminishing compassion fade in the time donation context
Is Empathy the Default Response to Suffering? A Meta-Analytic Evaluation of Perspective Taking’s Effect on Empathic Concern
TLDR
The results were robust to most corrections for bias, and Random-effects models revealed that remain-objective instructions reduced empathic concern, but “imagine” instructions did not significantly increase it.
Reaping a benefit at the expense of multiple others: How are the losses of others counted?
Type and amount of help as predictors for impression of helpers
TLDR
People seem to form impressions of helpers primarily based on the presumed underlying processes and motives of prosociality rather than its consequences, which is in line with the person-centered theory of moral judgment.
Winning heads and hearts? How websites encourage prosocial behaviour
TLDR
This study examines how website specific factors promote prosocial behaviours in website visitors and hypothesises a structural model involving seven perceptions (ease of use, trust, negative affect, positive affect, aesthetics, information quality, and argument strength) and an interaction between positive and negative affect.
Helping when the desire is low: Expectancy as a booster
TLDR
The studies help to tease apart the determinants of helping under conditions of lowered desire to do so, an issue of great importance in public policymaking.
COVID-19 Charity Advertising: Identifiable Victim Message Framing, Self-Construal, and Donation Intent
TLDR
Investigation of the interactive effect of donors’ self-construal and frame of a persuasive message (emphasizing statistical or identifiable victims affected by COVID-19) on donation intent finds a positive effect of the identifiable victim frame, but only for interdependent respondents and not for independent ones.
Seven (weak and strong) helping effects systematically tested in separate evaluation, joint evaluation and forced choice
In ten studies (N = 9187), I systematically investigated the direction and size of seven helping effects (the identifiable-victim effect, proportion dominance effect, ingroup effect, existence effect,…
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References

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Mental Imagery, Impact, and Affect: A Mediation Model for Charitable Giving
TLDR
This work proposes a model in which identified victim and victim number effects operate through different cognitive and affective mechanisms and shows that different affective motivations are related to the cognitive processes of impact judgments and mental imagery.
Scope insensitivity in helping decisions: Is it a matter of culture and values?
TLDR
3 studies exploring values and cultural sources of the singularity effect of identifiable victims show that enhancing people's collectivist values using a priming manipulation produces similar donations to single victims and groups.
Argument-inconsistency in charity appeals: Statistical information about the scope of the problem decrease helping toward a single identified victim but not helping toward many non-identified victims in a refugee crisis context
Seeing Their Side Versus Feeling Their Pain: Differential Consequences of Perspective-Taking and Empathy at Work
TLDR
Meta-analytically examined 304 independent samples to uncover unique effects of perspective taking and empathic concern on important work-related outcomes and develops and test a contingency model of those effects, based on three facets of psychological interdependence: outcome, hierarchical (or power asymmetry), and social category.
Compassion fade and the challenge of environmental conservation
Compassion shown towards victims often decreases as the number of individuals in need of aid increases, identifiability of the victims decreases, and the proportion of victims helped shrinks. Such…
When the victim is one among others: Empathy, awareness of others and motivational ambivalence
Feeling empathy for one person in need while being aware of others may increase the motivational ambivalence between the motive of helping the one and the motive of helping the others, and such…
Emotional reactions, perceived impact and perceived responsibility mediate the identifiable victim effect, proportion dominance effect and in-group effect respectively
Someone to blame: When identifying a victim decreases helping
Individual differences in reasoning style as a moderator of the identifiable victim effect
The identifiable victim effect refers to people's greater helpfulness towards personalized, single victims compared to aggregated, statistical victims. A field study tested recent claims that…
Rational self-interest and other orientation in organizational behavior: a critical appraisal and extension of Meglino and Korsgaard (2004).
B. M. Meglino and M. A. Korsgaard (2004) argued that rational self-interest varies across individuals and negatively relates to other orientation (OO). OO moderates effects of job characteristics on…
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