HIV gp120 receptors on human dendritic cells.

@article{Turville2001HIVGR,
  title={HIV gp120 receptors on human dendritic cells.},
  author={Stuart G. Turville and James Arthos and K M Donald and Garry W. Lynch and Hassan Mohammad Naif and Georgina J. Clark and Derek N J Hart and Anthony L. Cunningham},
  journal={Blood},
  year={2001},
  volume={98 8},
  pages={
          2482-8
        }
}
Dendritic cells (DCs) are important targets for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because of their roles during transmission and also maintenance of immune competence. Furthermore, DCs are a key cell in the development of HIV vaccines. In both these settings the mechanism of binding of the HIV envelope protein gp120 to DCs is of importance. Recently a single C-type lectin receptor (CLR), DC-SIGN, has been reported to be the predominant receptor on monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) rather than CD4… 
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Diversity of receptors binding HIV on dendritic cell subsets

Primary DCs for the receptors involved in viral envelope attachment are characterized and it is observed that C-type lectin receptor (CLR) binding was predominant in skin DCs, whereas binding to emigrating and tonsil DCs was CD4-dependent.

Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Efficiently Capture HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins via CD4 for Antigen Presentation

In the in vitro systems described in this paper, CD4-mediated uptake of Env is a functional pathway leading to Ag presentation, and this may be a mechanism used by blood DCs, including PDCs, for generating immune responses to Env-based vaccines.

Bitter-sweet symphony: defining the role of dendritic cell gp120 receptors in HIV infection.

  • S. TurvilleP. Cameron A. Cunningham
  • Biology, Medicine
    Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
  • 2001

HIV-1 gp120 modulates the immunological function and expression of accessory and co-stimulatory molecules of monocyte-derived dendritic cells.

It is suggested that HIV-1 gp120 may support sustained productive infection and transinfection of activated T cells that cluster with gp120-activated DC, and may actively contribute to the immunopathogenesis of AIDS.

The C-type lectin surface receptor DCIR acts as a new attachment factor for HIV-1 in dendritic cells and contributes to trans- and cis-infection pathways.

It is demonstrated that a cell surface molecule designated DCIR (for DC immunoreceptor), a member of a recently described family of DC-expressing CLRs, can participate in the capture of HIV-1 and promote infection in trans and in cis of autologous CD4(+) T cells from human immature monocyte-derived DCs.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope (gp120) Binding to DC-SIGN and Primary Dendritic Cells Is Carbohydrate Dependent but Does Not Involve 2G12 or Cyanovirin Binding Sites: Implications for Structural Analyses of gp120-DC-SIGN Binding

It is formally demonstrate that gp120 binding to DC-SIGN and MDDCs is largely if not wholly carbohydrate dependent, and evidence is provided that this enhancement may be due to cyanovirin's ability to bridge gp120 to mannosylated cell surface proteins.

HIV-1 gp120 Binding to Dendritic Cell Receptors Mobilize the Virus to the Lymph Nodes, but the Induced IL-4 Synthesis by FcεRI+ Hematopoietic Cells Damages the Adaptive Immunity – a Review, Hypothesis, and Implications

The understanding of the role of the different functional domains of gp120 in the life cycle of the virus and during AIDS will help in the design of approaches to prevent and abrogate HIV-1 infection and AIDS.

HIV Induces Maturation of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells and Langerhans Cells1

HIV initiates maturation of DCs which could facilitate subsequent enhanced transfer to T cells, suggesting both viral replication-dependent and -independent mechanisms.

The role of dendritic cell C‐type lectin receptors in HIV pathogenesis

Dendritic cells play a major role in HIV pathogenesis and appear to be one of the first cells infected after sexual transmission and transfer of the virus to CD4 lymphocytes, simultaneously activating these cells to produce high levels of HIV replication.

Binding of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 to Immature Dendritic Cells Can Occur Independently of DC-SIGN and Mannose Binding C-Type Lectin Receptors via a Cholesterol-Dependent Pathway

It is proposed that pathways to HIV-1 attachment and uptake in DC exhibit functional redundancy; that is, they are made up of multiple independent activities that can, at least in part, compensate for one another.
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