Gynostemium structure and relationships of theCorallorhizinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae)

@article{Freudenstein2004GynostemiumSA,
  title={Gynostemium structure and relationships of theCorallorhizinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae)},
  author={John V Freudenstein},
  journal={Plant Systematics and Evolution},
  year={2004},
  volume={193},
  pages={1-19}
}
  • J. Freudenstein
  • Published 1 March 1994
  • Biology
  • Plant Systematics and Evolution
Several types of pollinium stalk are present in theCorallorhizinae. Govenia has a cellular epidermal pollinium stalk, whileTipularia has a unique stipe that results from prolongation and detachment of the rostellum.Dactylostalix andEphippianthus have no stipe, but do have a detachable viscidium.Aplectrum, Corallorhiza, Cremastra, andOreorchis have hamuli. Cladistic analysis of morphological characters suggests that these four genera form a “core”Corallorhizinae, and are sister group to a clade… 
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Biogeographic analysis suggests a New World origin for the Calypsoinae subtribe, with two major shifts to the Old World and one shift back to the New World.
Relationships and evolution of matK in a group of leafless orchids (Corallorhiza and Corallorhizinae; Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae).
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Evolutionary analysis of pollinaria morphology of subtribe Aeridinae (Orchidaceae)
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Pollinarium morphology endorses monophyly Trichoglottis and Phalaenopsis alliances and transformation of the stipe and viscidium shapes in the subtribe showed that these characters are much useful in determining relationships in the Subtribe Aeridinae than those of pollinium.
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Observations indicate that the position of Chysis in subtribe Bletiinae needs revision based on differences in a number floral, and in particular of anther characters; and that Coelia only shares the early anther incumbency with Calypsoinae members, but not the rest of floral and antherCharacters.
Phylogenetic relationships and character evolution in Govenia (Orchidaceae)
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The evolution of eight vegetative and floral characters is explored and explained in relation to pollination syndrome and Govenia is corroborated as monophyletic with six recognized groups.
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A New Orchid Genus, Danxiaorchis, and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Tribe Calypsoeae
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Based on the results of the phylogenetic analyses, Calypsoeae, under which the new orchid is classified, represents an independent lineage in the Epidendroideae subfamily, and is a monophyletic tribe consisting of eight well-supported clades with 13 subclades (genera), which are all in agreement with the phytogeography of Calyp soeae.
Cremastra malipoensis (Orchidaceae), a New Species from Yunnan, China
Abstract Cremastra malipoensis G. W. Hu, a new rare species of Orchidaceae, is described and illustrated, and a taxonomic key to the species of the genus is provided. It occurs in southeastern…
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Pollinaria ensure that large pollen loads are deposited on the stigma, thus enabling the fertilization of the large numbers of ovules in the flowers of Orchidaceae, and ensure efficient removal from the anther, minimal pollen wastage during transit, and a high probability of deposition on conspecific stigmas.
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