Gp96-Ig/Costimulator (OX40L, ICOSL, or 4-1BBL) Combination Vaccine Improves T-cell Priming and Enhances Immunity, Memory, and Tumor Elimination

@article{Fromm2016Gp96IgCostimulatorI,
  title={Gp96-Ig/Costimulator (OX40L, ICOSL, or 4-1BBL) Combination Vaccine Improves T-cell Priming and Enhances Immunity, Memory, and Tumor Elimination},
  author={George Fromm and Suresh de Silva and Louise C. Giffin and Xin Xu and Jason Rose and Taylor H. Schreiber},
  journal={Cancer Immunology Research},
  year={2016},
  volume={4},
  pages={766 - 778}
}
Local anticancer therapies can increase antitumor efficacy while reducing toxicities. Cellular vaccines that locally secreted costimulation ligands produced stronger, more specific T-cell activation and tumor rejection with lower ligand concentrations than did vaccines combined with systemic antibody agonists. T-cell costimulation typically occurs in a defined microenvironment that is not recapitulated by agonistic antibody therapy. To deliver such stimulation under more favorable conditions… 
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