Gonadal Asymmetry and Sex Determination in Birds

@article{Guioli2014GonadalAA,
  title={Gonadal Asymmetry and Sex Determination in Birds},
  author={Silvana Guioli and Sunil Nandi and Debiao Zhao and Jessica Burgess-Shannon and Robin Lovell-Badge and Michael Clinton},
  journal={Sexual Development},
  year={2014},
  volume={8},
  pages={227 - 242}
}
Although vertebrates display a superficial bilateral symmetry, most internal organs develop and locate with a consistent left:right asymmetry. There is still considerable debate as to when this process actually begins, but it seems that, at least for some species, the initial steps occur at a very early stage of development. In recent years, a number of model systems, including the chick embryo, have been utilised to increase our understanding of the molecular basis of this complex… 
View on PubMed
karger.com
42 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
1
Background Citations
11
Methods Citations
1
Results Citations
2

42 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Meiotic wave adds extra asymmetry to the development of female chicken gonads
TLDR
An updated model is proposed suggesting that the localization of germ cells—in the left or right gonad; in the cortex or medulla of the left Gonad; and in the central part or the extremities of theleft cortex—has direct consequences for their development and participation in adult reproduction.
Sex Determination and Gonadal Development in Birds
TLDR
As the understanding of this process improves, it is likely that genetic and hormonal elements will merge into one interacting network that regulates sex determination and the sexual phenotype in birds.
The avian ovary and follicle development: some comparative and practical insights
This review focuses on recent research related to the avian ovary and, in particular, cellular mechanisms mediating embryonic growth of the ovary, postembryonic follicular development, and the…
Gene expression profiling in embryonic chicken ovary during asymmetric development.
TLDR
It is proposed that asymmetric expression of this cohort of genes (FSHR, CYP19A1, caspase 3, cospase 8) leads to the development of dimorphic gonads during embryogenesis.
Genetic Regulation of Avian Testis Development
TLDR
This review describes the current understanding of avian testis development at the cell biology and genetic levels and identifies areas of future research on the genetics.
Sex Determination, Gonadal Sex Differentiation and Pl--asticity in Vertebrate Species.
TLDR
This review outlines the current understanding of vertebrate SD and gonadal sex differentiation, and suggests that this is the ideal biological event that can make us understand the evolutionary conundrums underlying speciation and species diversity.
The cell biology and molecular genetics of Müllerian duct development
TLDR
The Müllerian ducts are part of the embryonic urogenital system that serve a critical function in the transport and development of the oocyte and/or embryo and some questions remain to be answered at the molecular genetic level.
Oestrogen in the chick embryo can induce chromosomally male ZZ left gonad epithelial cells to form an ovarian cortex that can support oogenesis
TLDR
It is found that CASI does not apply to chicken ovarian cortex development, and the gonadal epithelium responds to oestrogen via ERα and drives cortex formation independently of the medulla's phenotypic sex.
In the chick embryo, estrogen can induce chromosomally male ZZ left gonad epithelial cells to form an ovarian cortex which supports oogenesis
TLDR
It is found that both female and male cells can become part of the cortical domain and that this can form relatively independently of the sex of the medulla as long as estrogen is provided, and it is shown that the cortex promoting activity of estrogen signalling is mediated via Estrogen Receptor alpha within the left gonad epithelium.
PRE HATCHING DEVELOPMENTAL HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE TESTISIN MALLARD DUCK (ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS)
TLDR
Investigation of the development of testis during prehatching periods to diverse the components of the testis in duck embryo from embryonic day 5 to 19 showed that size of left testis was larger than the right one and the epithelial layer of left gonad is thicker than that covering the right gonad.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 146 REFERENCES
PITX2 controls asymmetric gonadal development in both sexes of the chick and can rescue the degeneration of the right ovary
TLDR
It is shown that the chick gonads already have distinct morphological and molecular left-right (L-R) characteristics in both sexes at indifferent (genital ridge) stages and that these persist, becoming more elaborate during sex determination and differentiation, but have no consequences for testis differentiation.
Mechanism of asymmetric ovarian development in chick embryos
TLDR
It is suggested that early asymmetric expression of PITX2 leads to asymmetric ovarian development through up- or downregulation of RALDH2, Ad4BP/SF-1, estrogen receptor α and cyclin D1.
Sexually Dimorphic and Sex-Independent Left-Right Asymmetries in Chicken Embryonic Gonads
TLDR
Germ cell and pluripotency-associated genes show both sex-dependent and independent left-right asymmetry and a complex pattern of expression in both sexes.
Left–right asymmetry in embryonic development: a comprehensive review
  • M. Levin
  • Medicine, Biology
    Mechanisms of Development
  • 2005
TLDR
This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding LR patterning in a number of vertebrate and invertebrate species, discusses several poorly understood but important phenomena, and highlights some important open questions about the evolutionary origin and conservation of mechanisms underlying embryonic asymmetry.
Pitx2 regulates gonad morphogenesis
TLDR
Observations indicate that the effects elicited by Pitx2 during the development of the female chick ovary are critical for cell topology, growth, fate, and ultimately organ morphogenesis and function.
The Molecular Genetics of Ovarian Differentiation in the Avian Model
TLDR
This review discusses sexual differentiation in chicken embryos, with emphasis on ovarian development, and highlights genes that may play a conserved role in this process, and discusses how interaction between ovarian pathways may be regulated.
Somatic sex identity is cell-autonomous in the chicken
TLDR
This study demonstrates that avian somatic cells possess an inherent sex identity and that, in birds, sexual differentiation is substantively cell autonomous and that the sex-determining mechanism in birds is investigated.
Mechanisms of gonadal morphogenesis are not conserved between chick and mouse.
TLDR
This is the first demonstration via lineage analysis that steroidogenic cells originate from nephrogenous mesenchyme, but the revelation that Sertoli cells have different origins between chick and mouse suggests that, during evolution, mechanisms of gonad morphogenesis may diverge alongside those of sex determination.
A unified model for left-right asymmetry? Comparison and synthesis of molecular models of embryonic laterality.
TLDR
Experimental data are examined that lend strong support to an early origin of LR asymmetry, yet are also consistent with later roles for cilia in the amplification of LR pathways, and an alternative hypothesis is presented which proposes that individual embryos stochastically choose one of several possible pathways with which to establish their LR axis.
Retinoic acid coordinates somitogenesis and left–right patterning in vertebrate embryos
TLDR
It is reported that blocking the production of retinoic acid in chicken embryos leads to a desynchronization of somite formation between the two embryonic sides, demonstrated by a shortened left segmented region.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...