Glutamate receptors: RNA editing and death of motor neurons
@article{Kawahara2004GlutamateRR, title={Glutamate receptors: RNA editing and death of motor neurons}, author={Yukio Kawahara and Kyoko Ito and Hui Sun and Hitoshi Aizawa and Ichiro Kanazawa and Shin Kwak}, journal={Nature}, year={2004}, volume={427}, pages={801-801} }
The aetiology of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal paralytic disease, is largely unknown. Here we show that there is a defect in the editing of the messenger RNA encoding the GluR2 subunit of glutamate AMPA receptors in the spinal motor neurons of individuals affected by ALS. This failure to swap an arginine for a glutamine residue at a crucial site in the subunit, which occurs normally in the affected brain areas of patients with other neurodegenerative diseases, will…
504 Citations
Edited GluR2, a gatekeeper for motor neurone survival?
- BiologyBioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology
- 2008
It is suggested that edited AMPA glutamate (GluR2) receptor subunits serve as gatekeepers for motor neurone survival and are linked with sporadic ALS.
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Profound downregulation of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR2 in ALS spinal motor neurons
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This work has shown that motor neuron degeneration can result from mutation in genes that encode factors important for ribonucleoprotein biogenesis and RNA processing, including splicing regulation, transcript stabilisation, translational repression and localisation of mRNA.
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This review provides a summary of currently recognized RNA processing defects linked to human motor neuron diseases and suggests motor neurons are uniquely sensitive to perturbations in RNA processing pathways.
Deficient RNA editing of GluR2 and neuronal death in amyotropic lateral sclerosis
- BiologyJournal of Molecular Medicine
- 2004
GluR2 underediting occurs in a disease specific and region selective manner and is likely that the molecular mechanism underlying the deficiency in RNA editing is a reduction in the activity of ADAR2, a double- strand RNA specific deaminase.
Investigating RNA editing in the pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Biology
- 2015
It was demonstrated that GLUR2 was fully edited in the MNs of ALS/C9ORF72- positive, ALS/ c9ORf72-negative cases and controls, and full editing of GLur2 in dissected motor neurons isolated by LCM was confirmed.
The AMPA receptor antagonist perampanel robustly rescues amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathology in sporadic ALS model mice
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It is shown that orally administered perampanel, a selective, non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist significantly prevented the progression of the ALS phenotype and normalized the TDP-43 pathology-associated death of motor neurons in the AR2 mice.
Exploration of the Pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis from the Perspective of Motor Neuron TDP-43 Protein Expression and ADAR2 Activity
- BiologyIntegrative Medicine International
- 2014
Upregulating ADAR2 in mouse motor neurons using an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vector that enables gene delivery to a wide array of central neurons after peripheral administration effectively prevented progressive motor dysfunction and rescued the motor neurons from death by normalizing TDP-43 expression.
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