Glutamate: its role in learning, memory, and the aging brain

@article{Mcentee2005GlutamateIR,
  title={Glutamate: its role in learning, memory, and the aging brain},
  author={William J. Mcentee and Thomas H. Crook},
  journal={Psychopharmacology},
  year={2005},
  volume={111},
  pages={391-401}
}
Abstractl-Glutamate is the most abundant of a group of endogenous amino acids in the mammalian central nervous system which presumably function as excitatory neurotransmitters and under abnormal conditions may behave as neurotoxins. As neurotransmitters, these compounds are thought to play an important role in functions of learning and memory. As neurotoxins, they are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders in which cognition is impaired. Moreover… Expand
View on Springer
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
243 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
2
Background Citations
80
Results Citations
2

243 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Free l-glutamate-induced modulation in oxidative and neurochemical profile contributes to enhancement in locomotor and memory performance in male rats
TLDR
Results showed that chronic supplementation of free l-Glu enhanced locomotor performance and cognitive function of animals which may be attributed to the improved antioxidant status and cholinergic, monoaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in brain and hippocampus. Expand
Glutamate receptor function in learning and memory
TLDR
The role played by the three main glutamate receptor classes in learning and memory is identified more specifically and problems of interpretation are outlined and a specific involvement of AMPARs in the regulation of neuronal excitation related to learning is proposed. Expand
Neurochemistry of the Anterior Thalamic Nuclei
TLDR
In order to extend knowledge concerning exact functions of selected neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the studied brain structure, the future studies should concentrate on potential alterations in the neurochemical profile during various pathological states which affect the anterior thalamic nuclei. Expand
Current approaches to enhance glutamate transporter function and expression
TLDR
The current status of the search for EAAT2/GLT‐1 activators is described, challenges and limitations that this approach might encounter are addressed and pharmacological activators of the activity of EAAT1/ GLT1 are described as promising tools for neuroprotection. Expand
Neuroanatomical changes associated with cognitive aging.
The literature on the neuroanatomical changes that occur during normal, non-demented aging is reviewed here with an emphasis on the improved accuracy of studies that use stereological techniques.… Expand
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Glutamate, and γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Depression
  • S. Gao, A. Bao
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry
  • 2011
TLDR
This review examines the evidence for a major role of the HPA axis, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems in the pathogenesis of major and bipolar depression to help develop new types of antidepressants that combine increased efficacy with a shorter delay of the onset of action and reduced side-effect profiles. Expand
Glutaminase C overexpression in the brain induces learning deficits, synaptic dysfunctions, and neuroinflammation in mice
TLDR
Findings provide the first evidence that GAC overexpression in the brain has deleterious effects on learning and synaptic integrity in vivo, and increase in astrocyte and microglia markers, inflammatory factors, and a decrease in synapse marker synaptophysin suggest neuroinflammation and synaptic changes in the GAC transgenic mouse brains. Expand
A quantitative meta-analysis of brain glutamate metabolites in aging
TLDR
Glu metabolite change appears to be a robust marker of aging-related neurological change; however, additional studies are needed to elucidate age-related trajectories of glutamatergic alterations and their relationship to cognitive phenotypes. Expand
Regulation of Glutamate Transporter Expression in Glial Cells.
TLDR
The identification of these mechanisms has allowed to understand the role of Glu transporters during pathology and will aid in the development of therapeutic strategies for treating or preventing pathologies associated with excitotoxicity. Expand
L-arginine and Alzheimer's disease.
TLDR
A possible role for L-arginine (L-arg) in AD is explored, taking into consideration known functions in atherosclerosis, redox stress and the inflammatory process, regulation of synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, and modulation of glucose metabolism and insulin activity. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 150 REFERENCES
Excitatory amino acids and Alzheimer's disease
TLDR
Circumstantial evidence raises the possibility that the EAA system may partially determine the distribution of pathology in Alzheimer's disease and may be important in producing the neurofibrillary tangles, RNA reductions and dendritic changes which characterize this devastating disorder. Expand
The role of glutamate in neurotransmission and in neurologic disease.
TLDR
Pharmacologic manipulation of the glutamatergic system may have great potential for the rational treatment of a variety of neurologic diseases. Expand
Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotoxicity in Rat Brain Slices
The evidence continues to mount that excessive or prolonged activation of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors in the central nervous system contributes to the death of neurones taking place in… Expand
Glutamate: A Neurotransmitter in Mammalian Brain
  • F. Fonnum
  • Biology, Medicine
  • Journal of neurochemistry
  • 1984
TLDR
The evidence for glutamate as a transmitter at the locust neuromuscular junction has recently been carefully evaluated by Usherwood (1981), and it is shown that mechanisms exist that will terminate transmitter action rapidly. Expand
Evidence of Glutamatergic Denervation and Possible Abnormal Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease
TLDR
Early in the disease evidence of glutamatergic neurone loss is provided by the finding that in many regions of the cerebral cortex the Na+‐dependent uptake of D‐[3H]aspartic acid was almost always lowest in AD subjects compared with control when assessed by a method designed to minimise artifacts and epiphenomena. Expand
Glutamate dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: an hypothesis
Abstract Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter that has been implicated in memory formation and learning. This acidic amino acid also has neurotoxic properties, and in animals produces… Expand
Age-related changes in glutamate concentration and synaptosomal glutamate uptake in adult rat striatum.
TLDR
It is proposed that degenerative changes in the putatively glutamergic corticostriatal tract, as a normal aspect of aging, is the simplest and most likely explanation for the observed changes. Expand
Endogenous glutamate release from frontal cortex of adult and aged rats
TLDR
The results suggest that the functional integrity of GLU utilizing nerve terminals in the frontal cortex is maintained in 24-month-old Fisher 344 rats, and the decrease in GLU content may reflect a generalized neuronal loss or a defect in neuronal and/or glial GLU metabolism in the metabolic compartment. Expand
Age-related alteration in excitatory amino acid neurotransmission in rat brain
TLDR
D-[3H]-aspartate uptake decreased significantly in the neocortex, striatum, nucleus basalis, amygdala, amygdala and thalamus in the middle-aged rats as compared to the young rats, but the changes were not progressive with age. Expand
Age-related changes in multiple neurotransmitter systems in the monkey brain
TLDR
It is indicated that the aging monkey may be a very useful model for future investigations of age-associated transmitter abnormalities similar to those that occur in humans. Expand
...
1
2
3
4
5
...