Genomic imprinting and cancer.

@article{Jirtle1999GenomicIA,
  title={Genomic imprinting and cancer.},
  author={Randy L. Jirtle},
  journal={Experimental cell research},
  year={1999},
  volume={248 1},
  pages={
          18-24
        }
}
  • R. Jirtle
  • Published 10 April 1999
  • Biology
  • Experimental cell research
Although we inherit two copies of all genes, except those that reside on the sex chromosomes, there is a subset of these genes in which only the paternal or maternal copy is functional. This phenomenon of monoallelic, parent-of-origin expression of genes is termed genomic imprinting. Imprinted genes are normally involved in embryonic growth and behavioral development, but occasionally they also function inappropriately as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. The evidence that imprinted genes… 
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The spectrum of epimutations of imprinted genes is considered, their classification is presented, and possible causes of their appearance and their role in etiology of hereditary human diseases are discussed.
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The mechanisms and effects of genomic imprinting, an epigenetic phenomenon regulating the development in placentate mammals, are presented and the balance of gene activity is established, which is necessary for normal proliferation and differentiation of various cell clones in embryogenesis.
The Y chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster exhibits chromosome-wide imprinting.
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It is concluded that genomic imprinting affecting gene expression is a general property of the Drosophila Y chromosome and distinguishes the Y from the autosomal complement.
Genomic Imprinting and Problem of Parthenogenesis in Mammals
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A review is provided of the studies aimed at search of possible normalization of misbalanced gene activity and modulation of genomic imprinting effects during parthenogenetic development in mammals.
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Artificial modulation of genomic imprinting effects with the use of growth factors and demethylating agents permits partial “normocoping” during the development of parthenogenetic mouse embryos.
Epigenetic heterogeneity at imprinted loci in normal populations.
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The allelic expression pattern of three imprinted genes in a panel of 262 Japanese normal individuals was examined and differences in the extent of maintenance of allele-specific expression of the three genes were observed.
Uniparentalism in sporadic colorectal cancer is independent of imprint status, and coordinate for chromosomes 14 and 18.
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Two individuals with soma-wide, allele-specific and mosaic hypermethylation of the DNA mismatch repair gene MLH1 are reported, with one having had multiple primary tumors that show mismatch repair deficiency and both meeting clinical criteria for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.
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  • R. Weksberg
  • Biology
    American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics
  • 2010
This issue of Seminars of Medical Genetics features a series of articles on human disorders caused by the dysregulation of imprinted genes. At the outset, there is a review of the general mechanisms…
Strain-dependent developmental relaxation of imprinting of an endogenous mouse gene, Kvlqt1.
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Examination of embryonic, neonatal, and postnatal tissues revealed that Kvlqt1 is imprinted in mouse early embryos, in both female 129 x male CS and female CS x male 129 offspring, with preferential expression of the maternal allele, like the human homologue.
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