Genetic Evidence for Complexity in Ethnic Differentiation and History in East Africa

@article{Poloni2009GeneticEF,
  title={Genetic Evidence for Complexity in Ethnic Differentiation and History in East Africa},
  author={Estella S. Poloni and Yamama Naciri and Rute Isabel Bucho and R{\'e}gine Niba and Barbara Kervaire and Laurent Excoffier and Andr{\'e} Langaney and Alicia Sanchez-Mazas},
  journal={Annals of Human Genetics},
  year={2009},
  volume={73}
}
The Afro-Asiatic and Nilo-Saharan language families come into contact in Western Ethiopia. [...] Key Result Analysis of mitochondrial DNA extracted from Nyangatom and Daasanach archival sera revealed high levels of diversity, with most sequences belonging to the L haplogroups, the basal branches of the mitochondrial phylogeny.Expand
View on Wiley
archive-ouverte.unige.ch
41 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
5
Background Citations
14
Methods Citations
2
Results Citations
2

Topics from this paper

    41 Citations

    Citation Type

    Citation Type

    mtDNA variation in East Africa unravels the history of Afro-Asiatic groups.
    TLDR
    East Africa genetic variability, although heavily influenced by migration processes, conserves traces of more ancient strata, and the widespread Afro-Asiatic linguistic phylum reaches its highest levels of internal differentiation in EA.
    Variation in Y chromosome, mitochondrial DNA and labels of identity on Ethiopia
    There is a paucity of genetic studies of Ethiopia. This thesis aims to establish the extent and distribution of variation in NRY and mtDNA genetic markers as well as ethnic and linguistic labels of…
    Forensic and phylogeographic characterisation of mtDNA lineages from Somalia
    TLDR
    The investigation of the entire CR of 190 unrelated Somali individuals to enrich the severely underrepresented African mtDNA pool and compared the genetic distances based on population pairwise Fst values between 11 published East, Central and North African as well as western Asian populations and the Somali sequences and displayed them in a multi-dimensional scaling plot.
    Mosaic maternal ancestry in the Great Lakes region of East Africa
    TLDR
    It is shown that Uganda harbours one of the highest mtDNA diversities within and between linguistic groups, with the various groups significantly differentiated from each other.
    Ethiopian genetic diversity reveals linguistic stratification and complex influences on the Ethiopian gene pool.
    Comprehensive view of the population history of Arabia as inferred by mtDNA variation.
    TLDR
    It is shown that Arabian populations share closest links to the Near East and North Africa, but have a more ancient origin with slower demographic growth and/or lower migration rates.
    MtDNA diversity of Ghana: a forensic and phylogeographic view
    TLDR
    It is found extensive genetic admixture between the Ghanaian lineages and those from adjacent populations diminishing with geographical distance, reflecting the long but also recent history of migration waves within West Africa mainly caused by changing environmental conditions.
    Phylogeography of mtDNA haplogroup L2
    TLDR
    The present study aims to reconstruct the phylogeny of L2 haplogroup, to provide insights on the complex net of migrations that occurred in Africa in the last thousand years, and finds signs of the transatlantic slave trade in the L2 phylogenetic tree.
    Linking between genetic structure and geographical distance: Study of the maternal gene pool in the Ethiopian population
    TLDR
    It could be affirmed that, on a continent scale, the mtDNA pool of Africa, Europe and the Middle East might fall under the IBD model.
    60,000 years of interactions between Central and Eastern Africa documented by major African mitochondrial haplogroup L2
    TLDR
    Recon reconstructing the phylogeny of L2 provides insights on the complex net of within-African migrations in the last 60 thousand years, showing that lineages in Southern Africa cluster with Western/Central African lineages at a recent time scale, whereas, eastern lineages seem to be substantially more ancient.
    ...
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    ...

    References

    SHOWING 1-10 OF 149 REFERENCES
    MtDNA Profile of West Africa Guineans: Towards a Better Understanding of the Senegambia Region
    TLDR
    The matrilineal genetic composition of 372 samples from the Republic of Guiné‐Bissau was studied using RFLPs and partial sequencing of the mtDNA control and coding region and particular haplotypes, found almost exclusively in East‐African populations, were found in some ethnic groups with an oral tradition claiming Sudanese origin.
    Ethiopia: between Sub‐Saharan Africa and Western Eurasia
    TLDR
    The distribution of alleles of a variable Tn repeat, and the spread of haplotypes containing Africa‐specific alleles, provide evidence of a genetic continuity from Sub‐Saharan Africa to the Near East, and furthermore suggest that a bottleneck occurred in Ethiopia associated with an out of Africa expansion.
    Insights into the western Bantu dispersal: mtDNA lineage analysis in Angola
    TLDR
    The analysis showed that the Angola mtDNA genetic pool shows affinities with the African lineages from Brazil, the main American destination of the slaves from Angola, although not all lineages in Brazil can be accounted for by the Angolan mtDNA pool.
    Ethiopia: between Sub-Saharan Africa and western Eurasia.
    TLDR
    Within an African and Eurasian context, the distribution of alleles of a variable T(n) repeat, and the spread of haplotypes containing Africa-specific alleles provide evidence of a genetic continuity from Sub-Saharan Africa to the Near East, and furthermore suggest that a bottleneck occurred in Ethiopia associated with an out of Africa expansion.
    Mitochondrial DNA Heterogeneity in Tunisian Berbers
    TLDR
    Principal components and the coordinate analyses show that some Berber groups are outliers within the North African genetic landscape, consistent with an isolation process followed by genetic drift in haplotype frequencies, and with the high heterogeneity displayed by Berbers compared to Arab samples.
    Female Gene Pools of Berber and Arab Neighboring Communities in Central Tunisia: Microstructure of mtDNA Variation in North Africa
    TLDR
    This study describes and compares the female gene pools of two neighboring Tunisian populations, Kesra (Berber) and Zriba (non-Berber), which have contrasting historical backgrounds and reveals that the emerging picture is complex, because ZribA would match the profile of a Berber Moroccan population, whereas Kesra, which shows twice the frequency of sub-Saharan lineages normally observed in northern coastal populations, would match a western Saharan population except for the low U6 frequency.
    Y-chromosomal evidence of a pastoralist migration through Tanzania to southern Africa
    TLDR
    The Y-chromosomal evidence supports a demic diffusion model of pastoralism from eastern to southern Africa ≈2,000 years ago and the phylogeography and microsatellite diversity of the E3b1f lineage correlate with the arrival of the pastoralist economy in southern Africa.
    mtDNA sequences of Chadic-speaking populations from northern Cameroon suggest their affinities with eastern Africa
    TLDR
    The observation that the Chadic group reveals some affinities to East Africans is extremely surprising giving the present-day geographical distance between them, which is around 2000 km.
    Joining the Pillars of Hercules: mtDNA Sequences Show Multidirectional Gene Flow in the Western Mediterranean
    TLDR
    The AMOVA demonstrates that SW European populations are highly homogeneous whereas NW African populations display a more heterogeneous genetic pattern, due to an east‐west differentiation as a result of gene flow coming from the East.
    Migration of Chadic speaking pastoralists within Africa based on population structure of Chad Basin and phylogeography of mitochondrial L3f haplogroup
    TLDR
    The results of this study support an East African origin of mitochondrial L3f3 clade that is present almost exclusively within Chadic speaking people living in Chad Basin, suggesting an expansion during the Holocene period about 8,000 ± 2,500 YBP.
    ...
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    ...