Genetic Affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a Vanishing Human Population

@article{Thangaraj2003GeneticAO,
  title={Genetic Affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a Vanishing Human Population},
  author={Kumarasamy Thangaraj and Lalji Singh and Alla Govardhana Reddy and Vadlamudi R Rao and Subhash C. Sehgal and Peter A. Underhill and Melanie Pierson and Ian G. Frame and Erika Hagelberg},
  journal={Current Biology},
  year={2003},
  volume={13},
  pages={86-93}
}
BACKGROUND The Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal are inhabited by hunter-gatherers of unknown origin, now on the verge of extinction. The Andamanese and other Asian small-statured peoples, traditionally known as "Negritos," resemble African pygmies. However, it is generally believed that they descend from the early Australo-Melanesian settlers of Southeast Asia and that their resemblance to some Africans is due to adaptation to a similar environment, rather than shared origins. RESULTS We… 
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TLDR
It is shown that the Batak are genetically distinct from Negrito populations of the Andaman Islands and Malay Peninsula and instead bear most resemblance to geographically proximate Philippine Negritos and to non-Negrito populations from the Philippines and Island SEA.
Molecular Relatedness of The Aboriginal Groups of Andaman and Nicobar Islands with Similar Ethnic Populations
Abstract The aboriginal tribal groups living in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are thought to be the descendants of people who were part of the early human dispersal into the Southeast Asia.…
Unique origin of Andaman Islanders: insight from autosomal loci
TLDR
It is concluded that the Andamanese “Negrito” mtDNA lineages have survived in the andaman Islands in complete genetic isolation from other South and Southeast Asian populations since the initial settlement of the region by the out-of-Africa migration.
The Andaman Islanders in a Regional Genetic Context: Reexamining the Evidence for an Early Peopling of the Archipelago from South Asia
TLDR
The genetic evidence from genome-wide autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data is reviewed for a shared history between the tribes of Little Andaman (Onge) and Great Andaman, and between these two groups and the rest of South and Southeast Asia (both negrito and non-negrito groups).
Phylogeography and ethnogenesis of aboriginal Southeast Asians.
TLDR
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA genome sequences from Peninsular Malaysia suggests an ancestry in Indochina around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by an early-Holocene dispersal through the Malay Peninsula into island Southeast Asia.
Molecular insights into the origins of the Shompen, a declining population of the Nicobar archipelago
TLDR
Genetic analyses provide evidence that the Shompen, an offshoot of the Nicobarese, are descendants of Mesolithic hunter-gatherers of Southeast Asian origin, deriving from at least two source populations.
Is Great Andamanese genealogically and typologically distinct from Onge and Jarawa
India represents five language families: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Austroasiatic, Tibeto-Burman and Andamanese. The origin of Andamanese tribes and its relationship with Southeast population have been…
Reconstructing the Origin of Andaman Islanders
TLDR
Analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA sequences from Onges and Great Andaman populations revealed two deeply branching clades that share their most recent common ancestor in founder haplogroup M, with lineages spread among India, Africa, East Asia, New Guinea, and Australia.
Detailed mtDNA genotypes permit a reassessment of the settlement and population structure of the Andaman Islands.
TLDR
This study investigates the deep structure of mtDNA haplogroups M31 and M32 in India and the Andaman Islands and identifies a so far unnoticed rare polymorphism shared between these two lineages that suggests that they are actually sister groups within a single haplogroup, M31'32.
The Andaman day gecko paradox: an ancient endemic without pronounced phylogeographic structure
TLDR
It is demonstrated that the Andaman day gecko has a panmictic population, but with weak signals for two clusters that are named ‘North’ and ‘South’, and testing population history scenarios using Approximate Bayesian Computation supports two possible scenarios but fails to tease apart whether admixture or divergence produced the two weak clusters.
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