Gender Stereotypes and Attitudes Toward Women and Men

@article{Eagly1989GenderSA,
  title={Gender Stereotypes and Attitudes Toward Women and Men},
  author={Alice H. Eagly and Antonio Mladinic},
  journal={Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin},
  year={1989},
  volume={15},
  pages={543 - 558}
}
  • A. Eagly, A. Mladinic
  • Published 1 December 1989
  • Psychology
  • Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Attitude theory is used to provide a conceptual analysis of how attitudes toward men and women relate to gender stereotypes. Consistent with this analysis, attitudes toward the sexes related positively to the evaluative meaning of the corresponding gender stereo-types. In addition, attitudes and stereotypes about women were extremely favorable - in fact, more favorable than those about men. The findings also demonstrated that the Attitudes Toward Women Scale assesses attitudes toward equal… 
View on SAGE
680 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
15
Background Citations
259
Methods Citations
17
Results Citations
22

680 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Are Women Evaluated More Favorably Than Men?: An Analysis of Attitudes, Beliefs, and Emotions
In an experiment in which male and female respondents evaluated the social category of women or men on several types of measures, analysis of respondents' attitudes toward the sexes and of the…
Are People Prejudiced Against Women? Some Answers From Research on Attitudes, Gender Stereotypes, and Judgments of Competence
In contemporary research, attitudes toward women appear to be more positive than those toward men in samples of US and Canadian university students, and the evaluative content of the female…
Current Gender Stereotypes and Their Evaluative Content
TLDR
Although the content of gender stereotypes seems to have remained unchanged over the years, the value attached to stereotypic gender traits seems to be changing.
Women's Attitudes Toward Men: an Integrated Threat Theory Approach
Three studies were conducted to measure the antecedents of women's attitudes toward men using the integrated threat model. Four types of threats were hypothesized to produce negative attitudes toward…
AMBIVALENT ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN AND MEN. Recognizability of stereotypes and effects on self-perception
Literature showed that, in respect to hostile sexism, benevolent sexism is relatively positively evaluated. Moreover, women exposed to benevolent sexism tend to neglect their task-related…
Correlates of negative attitudes toward gay men: Sexism, male role norms, and male sexuality
  • M. Davies
  • Psychology
    Journal of sex research
  • 2004
TLDR
Significant correlations are found between affective reactions, hostile sexism, male toughness, and male sexuality and in relation to traditional gender role beliefs are found.
The development of implicit gender attitudes.
TLDR
It is demonstrated that implicit and explicit own-gender preferences emerge early in both boys and girls, but implicit own- gender preferences are stronger in young girls than boys.
Sex Differences, Sexism, and Sex: The Social Psychology of Gender from Past to Present
What Matters More—Breaking Tradition or Stereotype Content? Envious and Paternalistic Gender Stereotypes and Advertising Effectiveness
The outcomes of 2 experiments investigating the effectiveness of advertisements that use (non)traditional stereotypes of women (Experiment 1) or men (Experiment 2) are reported. Effectiveness of the…
The Role of Threats in the Racial Attitudes of Blacks and Whites
This study employed the integrated threat theory of intergroup attitudes to examine the attitudes of Black and White students toward the other racial group. This theory synthesizes previous research…
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 18 REFERENCES
Are stereotypes of nationalities applied to both women and men
Stereotypes of women, men, and nationalities of 28 countries were examined to determine the extent to which stereotypes of nationalities are applied to women as well as to men. As expected,…
Gender stereotypes stem from the distribution of women and men into social roles
According to stereotypic beliefs about the sexes, women are more communal (selfless and concerned with others) and less agentic (self-assertive and motivated to master) than men. These beliefs were…
Persistence and change in sex-role stereotypes
Persistence and change in sex-role stereotypes were examined by replicating in 1978 a study of sex-role conceptions published by Sherriffs and McKee in 1957. Results suggested that in many…
Sex‐Role Stereotypes: A Current Appraisal
Consensus about the differing characteristics of men and women exists across groups differing in sex, age, marital status, and education. Masculine characteristics are positively valued more often…
Sex stereotypes and implicit personality theory: Toward a cognitive—Social psychological conceptualization
Progress in understanding sex stereotypes has been impeded by the failure of researchers to address two critical conceptual questions: What is a sex stereotype? How do sex stereotypes function in…
Structure of gender stereotypes: Interrelationships among components and gender label.
Various components of gender stereotypes were examined in three studies to determine their interrelationship and their influence relative to gender label. In the first two experiments, male and…
The definition of sex stereotypes via the adjective check list
The Adjective Check List (ACL) was employed in the empirical definition of male and female stereotypes by 50 male and 50 female college student subjects. Judgments by male and female subjects…
Memory for information about sex differences
To test the selective recall hypothesis, male and female adolescents listened to a tape recording of 30 “findings” about sex differences. Fifteen of the findings were pro-female and 15 were…
Affective-cognitive consistency and the effect of salient behavioral information on the self-perception of attitudes.
Subjects with well-defined or poorly defined prior attitudes toward being an environmentalist/conservationist were identified by assessing the structural consistency between the affective and…
In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis.
Experimental research on intergroup discrimination in favor of one's own group is reviewed in terms of the basis of differentiati on between in-group and outgroup and in terms of the response measure…
...
1
2
...