Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in a superconducting ring with magnetic fields: Phase diagram and the first-order phase transitions

@article{Yoshii2015FuldeFerrellLarkinOvchinnikovSI,
  title={Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in a superconducting ring with magnetic fields: Phase diagram and the first-order phase transitions},
  author={Ryosuke Yoshii and Satoshi Takada and Shunji Tsuchiya and Giacomo Marmorini and Hisao Hayakawa and Muneto Nitta},
  journal={Physical Review B},
  year={2015},
  volume={92},
  pages={224512}
}
We find the angular Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) states (or the twisted kink crystals) in which a phase and an amplitude of a pair potential modulate simultaneously in a quasi-one-dimensional superconducting ring with a static Zeeman magnetic field applied on the ring and static Aharonov-Bohm magnetic flux penetrating the ring. The superconducting ring with magnetic flux produces a persistent current, whereas the Zeeman split of Fermi energy results in the spatial modulation of the… 
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