Extracellular nucleic acids

@article{Vlassov2007ExtracellularNA,
  title={Extracellular nucleic acids},
  author={Valentin V. Vlassov and P. P. Laktionov and Elena Yu. Rykova},
  journal={BioEssays},
  year={2007},
  volume={29}
}
Extracellular nucleic acids are found in different biological fluids in the organism and in the environment: DNA is a ubiquitous component of the organic matter pool in the soil and in all marine and freshwater habitats. Data from recent studies strongly suggest that extracellular DNA and RNA play important biological roles in microbial communities and in higher organisms. DNA is an important component of bacterial biofilms and is involved in horizontal gene transfer. In recent years, the… 
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The relationship of the DNA from cancer patients is considered with respect to the formation of metastases and the amounts of DNA/RNA present together with the variables affecting these amounts are discussed.

Circulating Nucleic Acids in Health and Disease

The usefulness of serological DNA and RNA markers in diagnosis and prognosis of cancer and other pathological states, including trauma, stroke, myocardial infarction, hematological disorders, complications in organ transplantation, and diabetes are discussed.

Biofilms can be dispersed by focusing the immune system on a common family of bacterial nucleoid-associated proteins

It is shown that the DNABII family of proteins was also critical for the integrity of the EPS matrix of biofilms that contain eDNA, and this methodology to debulk the biofilm of EPS was shown to work synergistically with otherwise ineffective traditional anti-microbial approaches in vitro.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces an extracellular deoxyribonuclease that is required for utilization of DNA as a nutrient source.

It is shown that P. aeruginosa is capable of using DNA as a nutrient source under phosphate-limiting conditions, or when DNA is supplied as a source of phosphate, expression of PA3909 is induced.

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Extracellular DNA was identified as a limiting nutrient for mycoplasma proliferation under cell culture conditions and the growth-promoting effect induced by supplementation with eDNA was associated with important cytotoxicity for actively dividing host cells, but not confluent monolayers.
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