Extracellular matrix molecules and synaptic plasticity: immunomapping of intracellular and secreted Reelin in the adult rat brain

@article{RamosMoreno2006ExtracellularMM,
  title={Extracellular matrix molecules and synaptic plasticity: immunomapping of intracellular and secreted Reelin in the adult rat brain},
  author={Tania Ramos-Moreno and Maria J Galazo and C{\'e}sar Porrero and Ver{\'o}nica Mart{\'i}nez‐Cerde{\~n}o and Francisco Clasc{\'a}},
  journal={European Journal of Neuroscience},
  year={2006},
  volume={23}
}
Reelin, a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is secreted by several neuron populations in the developing and adult rodent brain. Secreted Reelin triggers a complex signaling pathway by binding lipoprotein and integrin membrane receptors in target cells. Reelin signaling regulates migration and dendritic growth in developing neurons, while it can modulate synaptic plasticity in adult neurons. To identify which adult neural circuits can be modulated by Reelin‐mediated signaling, we… 
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Reelin Secreted by GABAergic Neurons Regulates Glutamate Receptor Homeostasis
TLDR
It is proposed that reelin is a trans-neuronal messenger secreted by GABAergic neurons that regulates NMDARs homeostasis in postnatal hippocampus and shows that the heterogeneity of reelin immunoreactivity correlates with distinct functional populations: neurons synthesizing and secreting reelin and/or neurons binding reelin.
Glutamatergic cerebellar granule neurons synthesize and secrete reelin in vitro.
TLDR
Data show for the first time that a homogeneous population of glutamatergic neurons can synthesize and secrete reelin in cerebellar granule cells in vitro.
Neurochemical Phenotype of Reelin Immunoreactive Cells in the Piriform Cortex Layer II
TLDR
It is shown that Reelin cells express the neuronal marker Neuronal Nuclei (NeuN), but however the majority of neurons lack markers of mature excitatory or inhibitory neurons, suggesting that the function of these Reelin expressing cells might be similar to that of the Cajal-Retzius cells during development.
Role for Reelin in Neurotransmitter Release
TLDR
Novel findings suggest a role for Reelin in modulating presynaptic release mechanisms in reeler mutants when compared with wild-type animals.
Epileptiform activity interferes with proteolytic processing of Reelin required for dentate granule cell positioning
TLDR
It is found that both conditions, epileptiform activity and impaired proteolytic cleavage of Reelin, cause granule cell dispersion via inhibition of metalloproteinases.
Canonical and Non-canonical Reelin Signaling
TLDR
An overview of canonical and alternative Reelin signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms involved, and their potential physiological roles in the context of different biological settings is given.
Analysis of the role of Reelin in mouse brain development: Reelin positive non-gabaergic populations and impact of haploinsufficience on neuronal morpology
TLDR
Findings suggest Reelin signaling may directly modulate excitatory synaptic circuits in the postnatal brain and point to underlying neuronal morphological correlates for the electrophysiological changes found in homozygous reeler mice and the physiological abnormalities exhibited in heterozygous reeling mice.
Emerging topics in Reelin function
TLDR
This review addresses distinct functions of the Reelin receptors Apoer2 and Vldlr in cortical layer formation, followed by a discussion on the recently identified downstream effector molecule n‐cofilin, involved in regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics required for coordinated neuronal migration.
Reelin Signaling Specifies the Molecular Identity of the Pyramidal Neuron Distal Dendritic Compartment
Reelin Depletion in the Entorhinal Cortex of Human Amyloid Precursor Protein Transgenic Mice and Humans with Alzheimer's Disease
TLDR
Altered Reelin levels might be altered in the brains of human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) transgenic mice, particularly in brain regions vulnerable to AD such as hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, to conclude that alterations in Reelin processing or signaling may be involved in AD-related neuronal dysfunction.
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References

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TLDR
A light and electron microscope analysis of Reelin-immunoreactive neuron types in the cerebral cortex and subcortical regions of adult macaque monkeys shows that the great majority of brain neurons are immunoreactive for Reelin although some neuronal populations do not contain Reelin.
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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