Expression of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor‐VIII may be an indicator of poor prognosis in malignant melanoma

@article{Oba2011ExpressionOM,
  title={Expression of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor‐VIII may be an indicator of poor prognosis in malignant melanoma},
  author={Junna Oba and Y. Moroi and Takeshi Nakahara and Takeru Abe and Akihito Hagihara and Masutaka Furue},
  journal={British Journal of Dermatology},
  year={2011},
  volume={165}
}
Background  Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor‐VIII (MFG‐E8) is a secreted protein that binds phosphatidylserine and promotes apoptotic cell ingestion by phagocytes, mediating the immune tolerance and maintenance of homeostasis. A recent study has shown that MFG‐E8 expression in human melanoma is increased with tumour progression; however, the effect of its expression on patient survival has not yet been clarified. 
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Milk Fat Globule-EGF Factor 8 Contributes to Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
TLDR
Levels of MFG-E8 expression were significantly higher in HCC cells than in normal liver tissues and an in vivo HCC xenograft study showed that the number of proliferating H CC cells and tumor volume/weight were all significantly increased by MFG -E8 overexpression, compared to control mice.
Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 serves a novel biomarker of opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma
TLDR
The results strongly suggested that MFG-E8 is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy target of opisthorchiasis-associated CCA.
Immunoregulatory influence of abundant MFG‐E8 expression by esophageal cancer treated with chemotherapy
TLDR
The abundant MFG‐E8 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma might have a negative influence on the long‐term survival of patients after chemotherapy by affecting T‐cell regulation in the tumor microenvironment.
MFG-E8 expression for progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma and for self-clearance of apoptotic cells
TLDR
It is demonstrated that MFG-E8 promotes tumor progression in oral SCC and that it might be involved in the clearance of apoptotic S CC cells by living SCC cells.
Identification of MFG-E8 as a novel therapeutic target for diseases
TLDR
In inflammatory and the systemic lupus erythematosus-type autoimmune disease, age-related diseases and tumors, MFG-E8 plays a multifunctional role in attenuating inflammation and improving prognosis, healing wound and remodeling arterial and enhancing tumorigenicity and cancer metastasis.
MFG-E8: Origin, Structure, Expression, Functions and Regulation
TLDR
The secreted MFG-E8 specifically recognizes the acidic phospholipids and opsonized the targets to be cleared by phagocytosis mainly in paracrine and occasionally in endocrine manners, and acts as a ligand, which modulates inflammatory responses.
Immunological and Clinicopathological Significance of MFG-E8 Expression in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
TLDR
The results suggest that MFG-E8 may play an important role in shaping the immune suppressive network in TME as well as tumor progression.
Prognostic Correlation Between MFG-E8 Expression Level and Colorectal Cancer.
Alterations in expression of endometrial milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in patients with infertility and endometriosis
TLDR
It is shown for the first time that MFG-E8 expression is impaired in the endometrium of patients with endometriosis and infertility during the window of implantation.
Research Snippets
  • Biology, Medicine
  • 2011
TLDR
It is concluded that IL-22 downregulates profilaggrin ⁄filaggr in keratinocytes at both mRNA and protein levels and affects genes relevant to epidermal function and this novel pathway may have relevance to the pathogenesis and treatment of atopic and other skin disease.
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References

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Milk fat globule—epidermal growth factor—factor VIII (MFGE8)/lactadherin promotes bladder tumor development
TLDR
Overexpression of MFGE8 during tumor development is observed, correlated with expression of genes involved in cell adhesion or migration and in immune responses, but not in VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, suggesting that MF GE8/lactadherin favors development of bladder tumors at least partly by an immune system-dependent mechanism.
Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) binds to oxidized phosphatidylserine: implications for macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells
Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) binds to oxidized phosphatidylserine: implications for macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells
Milk fat globule EGF-8 promotes melanoma progression through coordinated Akt and twist signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
TLDR
It is shown that milk fat globule EGF-8, a secreted protein expressed at high levels in the vertical growth phase of melanoma, promotes disease progression through coordinated alpha(v)beta(3) integrin signaling in the tumor microenvironment and the possibility that systemic MFG-E8 blockade might prove therapeutic for melanoma patients is raised.
Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor–8 blockade triggers tumor destruction through coordinated cell-autonomous and immune-mediated mechanisms
TLDR
This work shows that systemic MFG-E8 blockade cooperates with cytotoxic chemotherapy, molecularly targeted therapy, and radiation therapy to induce destruction of various types of established mouse tumors, and suggests that systems might intensify the antitumor activities of existing therapeutic regimens through coordinated cell-autonomous and immune-mediated mechanisms.
Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8/lactadherin plays a crucial role in maintenance and repair of murine intestinal epithelium.
TLDR
It is shown that MFG-E8 was expressed in intestinal lamina propria macrophages from mice and shown to promote the migration of intestinal epithelial cells through a PKCepsilon-dependent mechanism, and that recombinant MFG -E8 may be beneficial for the treatment of bowel injuries.
Accumulation of MFG-E8/lactadherin on exosomes from immature dendritic cells.
MFG-E8/lactadherin promotes tumor growth in an angiogenesis-dependent transgenic mouse model of multistage carcinogenesis.
TLDR
MFG-E8 and its homologue Del1 may represent relevant targets in cancer and other diseases in which angiogenesis is prominent, and decreased proliferation was noted in angiogenic islets and increases in apoptotic cells were detected inIslets and tumors.
The EGF repeat and discoidin domain protein, SED1/MFG-E8, is required for mammary gland branching morphogenesis
TLDR
It is reported here that SED1 has an unexpected obligatory role during mammary gland development and is suggested to contribute, at least partly, to the intercellular signaling between luminal and myoepithelial cells that is required for branching morphogenesis.
MFG-E8-mediated uptake of apoptotic cells by APCs links the pro- and antiinflammatory activities of GM-CSF.
TLDR
It is shown that GM-CSF is required for the expression of milk fat globule EGF 8 in antigen-presenting cells, and that MFG-E8-mediated uptake of apoptotic cells is a key determinant of GM- CSF-triggered tolerance and immunity.
Secretion of a peripheral membrane protein, MFG-E8, as a complex with membrane vesicles.
TLDR
A possible role of MFG-E8 in the membrane vesicle secretion, such as budding or shedding of plasma membrane (microvesicles) and exocytosis of endocytic multivesicular bodies (exosomes) is suggested.
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