Exposure to perceived male rivals raises men's testosterone on fertile relative to nonfertile days of their partner's ovulatory cycle

@article{Fales2014ExposureTP,
  title={Exposure to perceived male rivals raises men's testosterone on fertile relative to nonfertile days of their partner's ovulatory cycle},
  author={Melissa R. Fales and Kelly A. Gildersleeve and Martie G. Haselton},
  journal={Hormones and Behavior},
  year={2014},
  volume={65},
  pages={454-460}
}
The challenge hypothesis posits that male testosterone levels increase in the presence of fertile females to facilitate mating and increase further in the presence of male rivals to facilitate male-male competition. This hypothesis has been supported in a number of nonhuman animal species. We conducted an experiment to test the challenge hypothesis in men. Thirty-four men were randomly assigned to view high-competitive or low-competitive male rivals at high and low fertility within their… Expand
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How valid are assessments of conception probability in ovulatory cycle research? Evaluations, recommendations, and theoretical implications
Abstract Over the past two decades, a large literature examining psychological changes across women's ovulatory cycles has accumulated, emphasizing comparisons between fertile and non-fertile phases… Expand
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