Exercise for improving balance in older people.
@article{Howe2011ExerciseFI, title={Exercise for improving balance in older people.}, author={Tracey E. Howe and Lynn Rochester and Fiona Neil and Dawn A. Skelton and Claire Ballinger}, journal={The Cochrane database of systematic reviews}, year={2011}, volume={11}, pages={ CD004963 } }
BACKGROUND
In older adults, diminished balance is associated with reduced physical functioning and an increased risk of falling. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2007.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the effects of exercise interventions on balance in older people, aged 60 and over, living in the community or in institutional care.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 1…
394 Citations
The Effects of Physical Exercise on Balance and Prevention of Falls in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- MedicineJournal of clinical medicine
- 2020
The analysis of the total numbers of falls showed a decreased likelihood of falls in patients who participated in exercise programs, and the number of patients who fell at least once was significantly reduced in the intervention group.
Effectiveness of Exercise Interventions to Improve Postural Control in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Centre of Pressure Measurements
- Medicine, PsychologySports Medicine
- 2016
Postural control is improved by balance exercise interventions, and strength or multi-component exercise interventions did not influence postural control measurements in older adults.
Effects of exercise on dual-task ability and balance in older adults: a systematic review.
- PsychologyArchives of gerontology and geriatrics
- 2014
Effect of balance training on falls in patients with osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- MedicineJournal of rehabilitation medicine
- 2018
A balance training intervention was found to significantly reduce the frequency of falls in patients with osteoporosis, and the fixed- or random-effect model when appropriate.
Maintaining independence in older people
- Medicine
- 2010
There was an overall benefit of complex interventions in helping older people to live at home, explained by reduced nursing home admissions rather than death rates, and hospital admissions and falls were also reduced in intervention groups.
A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the effect of aquatic and land exercise on dynamic balance in older adults
- MedicineBMC Geriatrics
- 2020
Evidence is provided that AE can be utilized as a reasonable alternative to LE to improve dynamic balance and possibly reduce the risk of falls and the effect sizes of dynamic balance outcomes were calculated.
Exercise for reducing fear of falling in older people living in the community.
- Psychology, MedicineThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews
- 2014
Exercise interventions were associated with a small to moderate reduction in fear of falling immediately post intervention and risk ratios for dichotomous outcomes and incidence rate ratios (IRR) for rate outcomes.
Evidence on physical activity and falls prevention for people aged 65+ years: systematic review to inform the WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour
- MedicineInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
- 2020
Effective exercise programs should now be implemented at scale given the strength of this evidence, and the effects of programs that primarily involve resistance training, dance or walking remain uncertain.
Physical exercise interventions for improving performance-based measures of physical function in community-dwelling, frail older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- MedicineArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
- 2014
Effect of eHealth-delivered exercise programmes on balance in people aged 65 years and over living in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
- MedicineBMJ Open
- 2022
There is preliminary evidence that eHealth-delivered exercise programmes improved balance and reduced fall risk in people aged ≥65 years, and there is still uncertainty regarding the effect of eHealth delivered exercise programmes on fear of falling.
References
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Exercise interventions reduce risk and rate of falls, and home safety interventions did not reduce falls, but were effective in people with severe visual impairment, and in others at higher risk of falling.
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These interventions were more effective in people at higher risk of falling, including those with severe visual impairment, and home safety interventions appear to be more effective when delivered by an occupational therapist.
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Community-based group exercise improves balance and reduces falls in at-risk older people: a randomised controlled trial.
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Findings indicate that participation in a weekly group exercise programme with ancillary home exercises can improve balance and reduce the rate of falling in at-risk community dwelling older people.
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This easily implemented, low-intensity exercise program appears to reduce the risk for falls among elderly men and women recovering from recent hospitalizations, bed rest, or both who have low levels of physical functioning.
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This is the first intervention trial to demonstrate improvements in single-stance postural sway in older women with exercise training, and additional studies will be needed to determine whether a combined training program of resistance training, walking, and postural exercises can improve balance more than a program of postural control exercises alone.