Examining the influence of drivers' characteristics during traffic stops with police: Results from a national survey
@article{Engel2004ExaminingTI, title={Examining the influence of drivers' characteristics during traffic stops with police: Results from a national survey}, author={Robin S. Engel and Jennifer M. Calnon}, journal={Justice Quarterly}, year={2004}, volume={21}, pages={49 - 90} }
The factors that influence officer decision making after a traffic stop is initiated are examined using the Police-Public Contact Survey data collected in 1999. This investigation of police behavior is framed with an understanding of the organizational roots of racial profiling tactics and policies. The findings show that young black and Hispanic males are at increased risk for citations, searches, arrests, and uses of force after other extralegal and legal characteristics are controlled…
217 Citations
Using a Vignette Research Design to Examine Traffic Stop Decision Making of Police Officers
- Law
- 2009
A variety of data collection methods have been used to examine an officer’s decision to stop a vehicle. Most research examines poststop behavior, and no single method has been able to obtain all the…
Traffic Enforcement Through the Lens of Race: A Sequential Analysis of Post-Stop Outcomes in San Diego, California
- Law
- 2018
Research has shown that Black and Hispanic drivers are subject to disproportionate stop and post-stop outcomes compared with White drivers. Yet scholars’ understanding of how and why such disparities…
The Decision to Search
- Law
- 2012
This manuscript examines police officer decision making during automobile stops to determine whether Black and Hispanic drivers are searched at parity with nonminorities, with particular focus on…
May I Talk to You for a Minute? An Assessment of Street Stops and Officer Decision-Making
- LawCrime & Delinquency
- 2021
The overwhelming majority of research on officer-initiated contacts with civilians is drawn from traffic stops, while relatively little is known about officer decision-making during non-vehicular,…
Analyzing racial profiling from traffic searches
- Law
- 2018
The purpose of this paper is to examine the issue of racial profiling when the traffic stop outcome is a search using focal concerns theory as a theoretical explanation for police officer decision…
Campus Officers’ Explanations of Traffic Stop Sanctions
- Law
- 2014
Prior traffic stop studies rarely consider officers’ qualitative explanations of their sanctioning decisions and are based largely on municipal officers. This article explores campus officers’…
Black, white, and unequal: Examining situational determinants of arrest decisions from police–suspect encounters
- Law
- 2005
Using data from systematic social observations of police officers in Cincinnati, Ohio, this study examines the influence of situational characteristics of police–suspect encounters on arrest outcomes…
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 167 REFERENCES
Disparity and Racial Profiling in Traffic Enforcement
- Law
- 2004
Although the police stop a disproportionate number of minorities, the relationship between race and the decision to stop is very weak, and multivariate models indicate minorities stopped by the police are more likely to be stopped at night and to reside outside the city.
DRIVING WHILE BLACK: EFFECTS OF RACE, ETHNICITY, AND GENDER ON CITIZEN SELF‐REPORTS OF TRAFFIC STOPS AND POLICE ACTIONS*
- Law
- 2003
Are African-American men, compared with white men, more likely to report being stopped by police for traffic law violations? Are African-American men and Hispanic drivers less likely to report that…
Racial Profiling? A Multivariate Analysis of Police Traffic Stop Data
- Law
- 2001
Despite the significance of racial profiling as an issue of national concern, little empirical research exists on whether police traffic stop practices disproportionately impact minority drivers.…
Theory and racial profiling: Shortcomings and future directions in research
- Law
- 2002
The volatile political environment that surrounds the issue of “racial profiling” has led local and state police agencies across the nation to start collecting information about traffic and…
Revisiting the Decision to Arrest: Comparing Beat and Community Officers
- Law
- 2002
During the past 30 years, an expanding body of literature has evolved that examines the correlates of officers'decisions to arrest. This study extends this line of inquiry by investigating the…
Traffic Stop Data Collection Policies for State Police, 1999
- Law
- 2000
As of midyear 1999, 9 of the Nation's 49 State law enforcement agencies whose primary duties include highway patrol reported requiring officers to record demographic information on the driver or…
The relative importance of race and ethnicity on citizen attitudes toward the police
- Law
- 1995
Undertakes research in Omaha, Nebraska on factors found to be predictors of attitudes toward the police (ATP). Addresses the question of whether ATP are primarily a function of police‐citizen…
Situational and officer-based determinants of police coercion
- Law
- 2002
Using data collected as part of an observational study of the police in Indianapolis, Indiana, and St. Petersburg, Florida, this article examines police use of force to gain a better understanding of…