Evolution of Postzygotic Reproductive Isolation in a Guild of Deceptive Orchids

@article{Scopece2008EvolutionOP,
  title={Evolution of Postzygotic Reproductive Isolation in a Guild of Deceptive Orchids},
  author={Giovanni Scopece and Alex Widmer and Salvatore Cozzolino},
  journal={The American Naturalist},
  year={2008},
  volume={171},
  pages={315 - 326}
}
The evolution of reproductive barriers is of central importance for speciation. Here, we investigated three components of postzygotic isolation—embryo mortality, hybrid inviability, and hybrid sterility—in a group of food‐deceptive Mediterranean orchids from the genera Anacamptis, Neotinea, and Orchis. In these orchids, pollinator‐mediated isolation is weak, which suggests that postpollination barriers exist. Based on crossing experiments and a literature survey, we found that embryo mortality… 
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Reproductive barriers and fertility of two neotropical orchid species and their natural hybrid
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The results indicate habitat isolation as an important prezygotic barrier, strongly influenced by the contrasting habitat preferences found between the parental species, and sexual reproduction of hybrid plants may contribute to the persistence of this hybrid zone.
Lineages of Silene nutans developed rapid, strong, asymmetric postzygotic reproductive isolation in allopatry
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The results are consistent with the hypothesis that strong postzygotic reproductive isolation involving cytonuclear incompatibilities arose in allopatry, and argue that the dynamics of cytonnuclear gynodioecy could facilitate the evolution of reproductive isolation.
Specificity in pollination and consequences for postmating reproductive isolation in deceptive Mediterranean orchids
TLDR
Molecular analyses of hybrid zones indicate that the types and strength of reproductive barriers in deceptive orchids with contrasting premating isolation mechanisms directly affect the rate and evolutionary consequences of hybridization and the nature of species differentiation.
Polymorphism of postmating reproductive isolation within plant species
TLDR
This work focuses on three genic mechanisms often held responsible for reproductive isolation between species: Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller (BDM) incompatibilities and two widespread types of genomic conflict, transmission ratio distortion and cytonuclear interactions.
Strong postzygotic isolation prevents introgression between two hybridizing Neotropical orchids, Epidendrum denticulatum and E. fulgens
TLDR
In the hybrid zone studied here, strong postzygotic barriers maintain species integrity, and these RI mechanisms may be also important during early stages of speciation.
Asymmetric gene introgression in two closely related Orchis species: evidence from morphometric and genetic analyses
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The results indicate that in closely related orchid species hybridization and gene introgression may be partly driven by selection for floral traits of one of the parental types, and the parental species appeared to be sufficiently isolated to survive the challenge of sympatry.
Orchis × colemanii hybridization: Molecular and morphological evidence, seed set success, and evolutionary importance
Floral scent and species divergence in a pair of sexually deceptive orchids
TLDR
It is suggested that adaptation to different pollinators, mediated by floral scent, underlies species isolation in this plant group and may be promoted by low pollination success of individuals in dense patches of plants, an assumption that was confirmed in this study.
Sympatric reinforcement of reproductive barriers between Neotinea tridentata and N. ustulata (Orchidaceae)
TLDR
In sympatric populations orchid pairs showed total isolation due to post-pollination prezygotic barriers, guaranteed at the level of pollen–stigma interactions, the mechanism of speciation, starting in allopatry and triggering the reinforcement mechanisms of reproductive isolation in secondary sympatry is the most likely explanation for the pattern of evolutionary transitions.
COMPONENTS OF REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION BETWEEN ORCHIS MASCULA AND ORCHIS PAUCIFLORA
TLDR
Contrary to most surveys of isolating mechanisms, the data speak against a clear predominance of prepollination or of prezygotic barriers but confirm the emerging pattern of multiple barriers contributing to the maintenance of species integrity.
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