Evaluation of Cholinergic Deficiency in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Using Pupillometry
@article{Frost2017EvaluationOC, title={Evaluation of Cholinergic Deficiency in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Using Pupillometry}, author={Shaun Frost and Liam Robinson and Christopher C. Rowe and David Ames and Colin L. Masters and Kevin Taddei and Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith and Ralph N. Martins and Yogesan Kanagasingam}, journal={Journal of Ophthalmology}, year={2017}, volume={2017} }
Cortical cholinergic deficiency is prominent in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and published findings of diminished pupil flash response in AD suggest that this deficiency may extend to the visual cortical areas and anterior eye. Pupillometry is a low-cost, noninvasive technique that may be useful for monitoring cholinergic deficits which generally lead to memory and cognitive disorders. The aim of the study was to evaluate pupillometry for early detection of AD by comparing the pupil flash response…
70 Citations
Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease
- BiologyFront. Neurol.
- 2019
Current knowledge on pupillometric features in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases are synopsized, potential roles of pupillometry in AD detection, diagnosis and monitoring are discussed, alone or in combination with additional biomarkers.
Afferent and Efferent Visual Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review and Update in Early Stage Disease
- BiologyFrontiers in Aging Neuroscience
- 2020
Given the ease of performing visual tests, the accessibility of the eye, and advances in ocular technology, visual measures have the potential to be effective, practical, and non-invasive biomarkers of AD.
Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease Does Not Alter Pupil Responses to Colored Light Stimuli.
- Medicine, BiologyJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
- 2020
Compared to healthy controls, this study found only a smaller resting size of the pupil in patients with early AD, and the pupillary dynamics to light stimulation remained relatively preserved.
Pupillometry evaluation of melanopsin retinal ganglion cell function and sleep-wake activity in pre-symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease
- Medicine, BiologyPloS one
- 2019
The variability seen in measurements of mRGC function and sleep-wake cycle in the pre-AD group suggests that mR GC dysfunction occurs in thePre-symptomatic AD stages, preceding cognitive decline.
Pupillary light reaction in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease subjects compared with normal ageing controls
- MedicineBritish Journal of Ophthalmology
- 2018
The study evaluating the pupillary light reaction in a cohort of well-characterised subjects with preclinical AD versus normal ageing controls found no significant differences in PLR, suggesting that the disease effect on the PLR may be small and difficult to detect at the earliest stages of the disease.
Current opinion neurology: visual pathway biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease.
- Biology, MedicineCurrent opinion in neurology
- 2019
It is possible that in the future, ocular biomarkers (particularly retinal imaging techniques) may be part of a multimodality alogorithm screening for preclinical Alzheimer's disease, perhaps combined with other methods, such as blood-based biomarkers.
Eye tracking – The overlooked method to measure cognition in neurodegeneration?
- Psychology, BiologyNeuropsychologia
- 2019
Chromatic Pupillometry Findings in Alzheimer’s Disease
- BiologyFrontiers in Neuroscience
- 2020
The results suggest that in the early stage of AD there are PLR abnormalities that may reflect a pathology affecting mR GC dendrites before involving the mRGC cell body, and further studies, including AD cases with more severe and longer disease duration are needed.
Commentary: Viewing Alzheimer's disease from an ophthalmologist's eyes
- Biology, MedicineIndian journal of ophthalmology
- 2020
In 2011, the clinical diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease dementia were revised, and research guidelines for initial stages of the disease were characterized to depict a deeper understanding…
GRK5 Deficiency Causes Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's Disease.
- BiologyJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
- 2021
The GRK5 deficiency possesses unique features and advantage to serve as a prophylactic therapeutic target for MCI due to AD, and should become the high priority target for AD prevention.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 83 REFERENCES
Cholinergic deficiency in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease: evaluation with pupillometry.
- Biology, MedicineInternational journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
- 2009
The pupillary light reflex in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
- Medicine, BiologyAging
- 2001
The constriction to the onset of bright light relative to the resting amplitude was significantly reduced in AD compared with both control groups, consistent with an acetylcholine-related deficit in AD.
Changes in pupil reaction to light in Alzheimer's disease patients: a preliminary report.
- MedicineInternational journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
- 2000
Cholinergic deficiency and frontal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
- Psychology, BiologyAnnals of neurology
- 1990
The results suggest that the lesion of the ascending cholinergic neurons, which has been demonstrated post mortem in PD, may play a role in the subcorticofrontal behavioral impairment of this disease.
Pupil response biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease.
- Biology, MedicineCurrent Alzheimer research
- 2013
These PFR changes show potential as an adjunct for noninvasive, cost-effective screening for pre-clinical AD, and some of the AD specific PFR parameters were also associated with neocortical plaque burden in pre- clinical AD.
Amyloid β deposition, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline in sporadic Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort study
- Psychology, MedicineThe Lancet Neurology
- 2013
Pupil reaction to light in Alzheimer’s disease: evaluation of pupil size changes and mobility
- MedicineAging clinical and experimental research
- 2007
Pupil size changes and mobility examination may be a fast, non-invasive and efficient additional diagnostic marker in AD diagnosis.
Neuropathologic substrate of mild cognitive impairment.
- Biology, PsychologyArchives of neurology
- 2006
It appears that amnestic MCI is, in reality, EAD, and ventromedial temporal lobe NFTs probably represent the substrate for memory decline in MCI.
The antibody aducanumab reduces Aβ plaques in Alzheimer’s disease
- BiologyNature
- 2016
In patients with prodromal or mild AD, one year of monthly intravenous infusions of aducanumab reduces brain Aβ in a dose- and time-dependent manner, accompanied by a slowing of clinical decline measured by Clinical Dementia Rating—Sum of Boxes and Mini Mental State Examination scores.
Tropicamide effects on pupil size and pupillary light reflexes in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
- MedicineInternational journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
- 2003