Estrogen‐related Mood Disorders: Reproductive Life Cycle Factors

@article{Douma2005EstrogenrelatedMD,
  title={Estrogen‐related Mood Disorders: Reproductive Life Cycle Factors},
  author={S L Douma and Charles H. Husband and Mary Ellen O'Donnell and B. N. Barwin and A. Kirsten Woodend},
  journal={Advances in Nursing Science},
  year={2005},
  volume={28},
  pages={364–375}
}
Women are at higher risk throughout their reproductive lives than are men for major depression. Numerous molecular and clinical studies have implicated estrogen in modulating brain function including that related to mood. In an attempt to present a conceptual model, the literature of the past 30 years on mood and well-being throughout reproductive life is reviewed as it relates to activity of endogenous, bio-identical, and synthetic estrogen in women. Results indicate that sudden estrogen… 
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The Effects of Estradiol on Central Serotonergic Systems and Its Relationship to Mood in Women
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The call for carefully controlled research into the etiology and treatment of depression in women is reiterated and the complex interactions among estrogens, serotonin, and mood are examined.
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  • Medicine, Psychology
    Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
  • 2014
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This review argues two major mechanisms by which estrogens influence depression and depressive-like behavior: through interactions with neurotrophic factors and through an influence on the serotonergic system.
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Overall, the preclinical research suggests that selective ER modulators targeting ERbeta may be an attractive alternative or adjunct treatment to currently prescribed antidepressants or anxiolytics.
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The results indicate that estrogen fluctuations may be an important factor in the etiology of bipolar disorder and it is obvious that more research is needed to clarify the role of estrogen in women with bipolar disorder.
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The susceptibility to hormone-triggered mood changes appears to depend upon women's general tendency to experience distress and destabilization of mood, as captured by personality trait Neuroticism.
Association analysis between vitamin D level and depression in women perimenopause
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The VD level is related to the occurrence of depression in perimenopausal women, and this study determines that similar to the antidepressant.
Increased depressive-like traits in an animal model of premenstrual irritability
TLDR
A common neurobiological background for the estrous cycle-dependent aggression and depressive-like traits in rodents is suggested, which could potentially aid the elucidation of premenstrual emotional dysfunctions and might be used as an ethological model to study a biochemical and genetic proneness to depression.
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TLDR
Information is offered on the pharmacological treatment and characteristics of depression in a woman with a previous diagnosis of major depression who is experiencing extreme fluctuations of estrogen levels.
Sex differences in anxiety and depression: Role of testosterone
TLDR
While the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear, both activational and organizational effects of testosterone appear to contribute to these effects, and possible neurobiological mechanisms underlying testosterone's mostly protective benefits are presented.
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Significant findings that implicate the role of estradiol, progesterone, and allopregnanolone in female risk for PTSD symptoms and dysregulation of fear psychophysiology that is cardinal to PTSD are summarized.
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