Eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia, On 13 November 1985: Tephra Fall and Lahars

@article{Naranjo1986EruptionOT,
  title={Eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia, On 13 November 1985: Tephra Fall and Lahars},
  author={J L Naranjo and Haraldur Sigurdsson and Steven Carey and William J. Fritz},
  journal={Science},
  year={1986},
  volume={233},
  pages={961 - 963}
}
A small Plinian eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia ejected 3.5 x 1010 kilograms of mixed dacite and andesite tephra on 13 November 1985, with a maximum column height of 31 kilometers above sea level. Small pyroclastic flows and surges, generated during the initial stage of the eruption, caused surface melting of approximately 10% of the volcano's ice cap, leading to meltwater floods. The erosive floods incorporated soils and loose sediments from the volcano's flanks and… 
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136 Citations

Nevado del Ruiz volcano (Colombia): pre-eruption observations and the November 13, 1985 catastrophic event
Pyroclastic deposits of the November 13, 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Colombia
Variations in chemistry of acid-sulfate-chloride springs at Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Colombia: November 1985 through December 1988
A model of Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia
A workshop was held at the Observatorio Vulcanologico de Colombia in Manizales, Colombia, March 28 to April 1, 1988, to review the accumulated data on the disastrous November 13, 1985, eruption and…
Mechanisms of degassing at Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Colombia
Nevado del Ruiz volcano is an andesite stratovolcano located in the northern Andes of Colombia. The volcano erupted on 11 September 1985, 13 November 1985, and 1 September 1989. The last two…
Perturbation and melting of snow and ice by the 13 November 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, and consequent mobilization, flow and deposition of lahars
Eruption Dynamics and Petrology of the Most Recent Eruptions of Nevado Del Ruiz Volcano, Colombia, South America
Field measurements and petrographic analyses of pumices from the most recent tephra deposits of Nevado del Ruiz volcano provide a context in which to view the disastrous eruption of 13 November, 1985…
Sulfur dioxide from Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Colombia : total flux and isotopic constraints on its origin
Geomorphological Characteristics of the Ruiz Volcano and Surroundings
Landforms related to the Ruiz Volcano, the northernmost active volcano in South America, are both of volcanic and glacial origins. A brief historical account includes several eruptions and culminates…
Breathing of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano reservoir, Colombia, inferred from repeated seismic tomography
TLDR
It is argued that the recurring “breathing” of the shallow reservoir is the main cause of current eruptions at NRV.
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