Enhanced responses of the chorda tympani nerve to sugars in the ventromedial hypothalamic obese rat.

@article{Shimizu2003EnhancedRO,
  title={Enhanced responses of the chorda tympani nerve to sugars in the ventromedial hypothalamic obese rat.},
  author={Yasutake Shimizu and Mifumi Yamazaki and Keiji Nakanishi and Maki Sakurai and Atsushi Sanada and Tadashi Takewaki and Keiichi Tonosaki},
  journal={Journal of neurophysiology},
  year={2003},
  volume={90 1},
  pages={
          128-33
        }
}
Sweet taste sensitivity in obese rats with lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) was studied by examining chorda tympani nerve responses to various taste stimuli including sugars. In the early progressive phase of obesity (2 wk after creating VMH lesions), there was no significant difference in the nerve responses to any taste stimulus between sham-operated and VMH-lesioned rats. In contrast, in the late phase of obesity (15-18 wk after VMH lesions), the magnitude of responses to… 
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Short-Term Exposure to a Calorically Dense Diet Alters Taste-Evoked Responses in the Chorda Tympani Nerve, But Not Unconditioned Lick Responses to Sucrose
TLDR
It is suggested that 3 days of high-energy diet exposure results in alterations to peripheral gustatory signaling yet these changes do not necessarily generalize to changes in responsiveness to sucrose, as least as measured in this procedure.
Altered taste sensitivity in obese, prediabetic OLETF rats lacking CCK-1 receptors.
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It is demonstrated that compared with controls, OLETF rats differ in their gustatory functions with an overall augmented sensitivity for sweet that progresses during prediabetes, which explains their overconsumption of sweet solutions and may contribute to the overall hyperphagia and obesity in this strain.
Decrease in sweet taste in rats after gastric bypass surgery
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It is shown that RYGB surgery affected sweet taste behavior in rats, with postsurgical rats having lower sensitivity or avidity for sucrose than sham-treated control rats, similar to human reports that sweet taste and preferences for high-caloric foods are altered after bypass surgery.
Diet-Induced Obesity Reduces the Responsiveness of the Peripheral Taste Receptor Cells
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It is demonstrated that diet-induced obesity significantly influences peripheral taste receptor cell signals which likely leads to changes in the central taste system and may cause altered taste perception.
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Massively obese subjects have higher taste sensitivity than control subjects, especially for sucrose and salt, which can be explained, to some extent, by the influence of obesity-related metabolic disorders, which appears to be gender-specific.
Nutritional status alters saccharin intake and sweet receptor mRNA expression in rat taste buds
Obese OLETF rats exhibit increased operant performance for palatable sucrose solutions and differential sensitivity to D2 receptor antagonism.
TLDR
Findings provide the first direct evidence for an increased motivation for sucrose reward in the OLETF rats and suggest altered D2 receptor regulation with the progression of obesity and prediabetes.
Gastric Bypass Does Not Influence Olfactory Function in Obese Patients
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Findings support that olfactory dysfunction may be a contributing factor to the development of obesity.
Enhanced sucrose and Polycose preference in sweet “sensitive” (C57BL/6J) and “subsensitive” (129P3/J) mice after experience with these saccharides
  • A. Sclafani
  • Biology, Psychology
    Physiology & Behavior
  • 2006
Altered Olfactory Acuity in the Morbidly Obese
TLDR
Morbidly obese Individuals are more likely than moderately obese individuals to demonstrate CC-SIT scores consistent with olfactory dysfunction, probably related to metabolic changes occurring in morbidly obese individuals.
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