Endoplasmic reticulum stress in disease: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.

@article{Hosoi2009EndoplasmicRS,
  title={Endoplasmic reticulum stress in disease: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.},
  author={Toru Hosoi and Koichiro Ozawa},
  journal={Clinical science},
  year={2009},
  volume={118 1},
  pages={
          19-29
        }
}
Various stresses, which impair ER (endoplasmic reticulum) function, lead to an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins. ER stress triggers many rescuer responses, including a UPR (unfolded protein response). Increasing evidence has suggested that ER stress is involved in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and cerebral ischaemic insults), cancer, obesity and diabetes. In the present review, we consider the importance of ER stress under pathological… 
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Possible involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
TLDR
Recent advances in research on the basic mechanisms of the unfolded protein response (UPR) are discussed and summarized and potential therapeutic opportunities for diseases targeting ER stress are described.
Link between endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases
TLDR
Recent evidence is summarized and a possible link between ER stress and autophagy with regard to neurodegenerative diseases is discussed and possible pharmacological strategies targeting UPR and Autophagy are discussed.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress, an important factor in the development of Parkinson's disease.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in biological processing and disease
TLDR
Up-to-date information is presented on the relationship between biological processing, ER stress, UPR, and several chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders, fatty liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Lipid Metabolism: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
TLDR
Recent findings illustrating the important role ER stress/UPR signalling pathways play in regulation of lipid metabolism, and how they may lead to dysregulation of lipid homeostasis are examined.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Lipid Metabolism
TLDR
The current understanding of the relationship between the UPR, lipid biosynthesis, and organelle biogenesis in activated B cells is described and the therapeutic potential of targeting ER stress signaling pathways in dyslipidemia and obesity was discussed.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated ROS in disease pathophysiology applications
Neuroprotection by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced HRD1 and Chaperones: Possible Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease
TLDR
The pathophysiological roles of ER stress, UPR, and the induction and neuroprotective effects of HRD1 and PDI are discussed, which may represent significant targets for novel AD and PD therapies.
ER stress and the unfolded protein response in intestinal inflammation.
TLDR
Evidence is reviewed from mouse models and human inflammatory bowel diseases that ties ER stress and activation of the UPR with intestinal inflammation, and possible therapeutic approaches to ameliorate ER stress are discussed.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress: A Vicious Nexus Implicated in Bowel Disease Pathophysiology
TLDR
It is proposed that endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress together play significant roles in the pathophysiology of bowel diseases.
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