Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis.

@article{Ong2002EndogenousAP,
  title={Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis.},
  author={Peck Y. Ong and Takaaki Ohtake and C T Brandt and Ian Strickland and Mark Boguniewicz and Tomas Ganz and Richard L. Gallo and Donald Y. M. Leung},
  journal={The New England journal of medicine},
  year={2002},
  volume={347 15},
  pages={
          1151-60
        }
}
  • P. Ong, T. Ohtake, +5 authors D. Leung
  • Published 10 October 2002
  • Medicine, Biology
  • The New England journal of medicine
BACKGROUND The innate immune system of human skin contains antimicrobial peptides known as cathelicidins (LL-37) and beta-defensins. In normal skin these peptides are negligible, but they accumulate in skin affected by inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. We compared the levels of expression of LL-37 and human beta-defensin 2 (HBD-2) in inflamed skin from patients with atopic dermatitis and from those with psoriasis. METHODS The expression of LL-37 and HBD-2 protein in skin-biopsy… 
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A disturbed skin barrier may trigger AMP induction in AD and psoriasis, and the functional role of AMP in AD, especially with regard to the control of S. aureus colonization, needs further analysis.
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Observations show, for the first time to the authors' knowledge, that after infection the human body responds by increasing systemic innate immunity.
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Both SKALP and SLPI may be important contributors to skin innate immunity, but their decreased expression in AD patients does not account for increased skin infections compared with other skin conditions.
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Deficiency of Dermcidin-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides in Sweat of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Correlates with an Impaired Innate Defense of Human Skin In Vivo1
TLDR
It is shown that in healthy subjects, sweating leads to a reduction of viable bacteria on the skin surface, but this does not occur in patients with AD, which may contribute to the high susceptibility of these patients to skin infections and altered skin colonization.
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References

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TLDR
It is shown that cathelicidins are an important native component of innate host defence in mice and provide protection against necrotic skin infection caused by Group A Streptococcus (GAS).
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TLDR
Cathelicidins are well suited to provide defense against infections due to group A Streptococcus, and represent an important element of cutaneous innate immunity.
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TLDR
Keratinocytes of patients with AD and psoriasis show an intrinsically abnormal and different chemokine production profile and may thus favor the recruitment of distinct leukocyte subsets into the skin.
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TLDR
Up-regulation of this human cathelicidin gene in inflammatory skin disorders is demonstrated, whereas in normal skin no induction was found, and a protective role for LL-37 is proposed, when the integrity of the skin barrier is damaged, participating in the first line of defense, and preventing local infection and systemic invasion of microbes.
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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